美国通胀超预期升至3.7%汽油领涨，美联储加息预期升温
Economist breaks down new inflation report and what's driving prices higher
LIKE YOU. THANK YOU. ♪ GEOFF: WELCOME TO THE "NEWS HOUR." WITH THE MIDTERM ELECTIONS JUST THREE WEEKS AWAY, A NEW INFLATION REPORT SHOWS PRICES RISING FASTER THAN EXPECTED, PUTTING MORE PRESSURE ON AMERICANS STRUGGLING WITH THE COST OF EVERYDAY ESSENTIALS. AMNA: PRICES CLIMBED 3.7% OVER THE PAST YEAR AND BY MORE 0.5% IN JUST THE LAST MONTH -- THE LARGEST MONTHLY INCREASE IN FIVE MONTHS. THE PRICE INCREASE WAS DRIVEN BY GASOLINE - UP 9% IN SEPTEMBER.
就像你一样。谢谢你。♪ 杰夫：欢迎收看《新闻时刻》。随着中期选举仅剩三周，一份新的通胀报告显示物价上涨速度超出预期，给在日常生活必需品成本上苦苦挣扎的美国人带来了更大压力。阿娜：过去一年物价上涨了3.7%，仅在最近一个月就上涨了超过0.5%——这是五个月以来的最大月度增幅。物价上涨主要由汽油驱动——9月份汽油价格上涨了9%。
FOR MORE, I'M JOINED BY HEATHER LONG, VICE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF ECONOMIST AT NAVY FEDERAL CREDIT UNION. GREAT TO SEE YOU.
更多详情，我邀请了海军联邦信用合作社副总裁兼首席经济学家希瑟·朗（Heather Long）加入节目。很高兴见到你。
GOOD TO BE HERE. GEOFF: RISING FASTER THAN A MONTH AGO, HOW MUCH OF THAT IS DUE TO THOSE RISING GAS PRICES?
很高兴来到这里。杰夫：比一个月前上涨得更快，这在多大程度上是由于汽油价格上涨造成的？
HALF OF IT IS COMING FROM HIGH GAS AND DIESEL PRICES, BUT HONESTLY THE MOST RECENT PEOPLE GASPED TODAY IS THE OTHER HALF IS COMING FROM EVERYTHING ELSE. IT IS INSURANCE SPILLING OVER INTO HIGHER AIRFARES AND HEATING OIL BUT THE WAR IN IRAN IS NOT CAUSING MEDICAL CARE, DENTAL CARE, TOYS, APPAREL, PEOPLE SHOPPING FOR A SUIT, SOFTWARE PRICES, THERE WERE SO MANY ITEMS , REPAIRING A CAR AND THAT CAUSE THE ALARM BELLS THAT THIS IS WAY MORE BROAD-BASED THAN WE THOUGHT AND THAT IS GOING TO TAKE A LONG TIME TO EASE.
其中一半来自高昂的汽油和柴油价格，但说实话，今天人们最惊讶的是另一半来自其他所有方面。保险费用溢出导致机票和取暖油价格上涨，但伊朗战争并未导致医疗服务、牙科护理、玩具、服装、购买西装的人群、软件价格、修理汽车等物品价格上涨，这里有太多商品，这触发了警报，表明情况比我们想象的更广泛，而且这将需要很长时间才能缓解。
AMNA: WE SAW CORE INFLATION ALSO EDGING HIGHER. HEATHER: IT SAYS THIS IS MORE THAN A GAS AND OIL PROBLEM AND THAT IT IS GOING TO BE HARDER TO DEAL WITH THAN EXPECTED. THE FEDERAL RESERVE WILL HAVE TO RAISE INTEREST RATES AGAIN. IT'S ALREADY A PAIN POINT WITH MORTGAGE RATES BACK ABOVE 5.7%. PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT DATA POINT, INFLATION UP 3.7%, WAGE GROWTH ONLY 3%. AMNA: THAT COMBINATION OF THE HIGHER INFLATION AND WEAKER WAGE GROWTH, WE HAVE TALKED ABOUT THAT BEFORE.
阿娜：我们看到核心通胀也在小幅上升。希瑟：这表明这不仅仅是一个汽油和石油问题，而且处理起来将比预期的更难。美联储将不得不再次提高利率。抵押贷款利率已回升至5.7%以上，这已经是一个痛点。可能最重要的数据点是，通胀上涨3.7%，而工资增长仅为3%。阿娜：这种高通胀与较弱工资增长的组合，我们之前讨论过。
I WANT TO TALK ABOUT WHAT TWO PEOPLE HAD TO SAY ABOUT THE PRESSURE THEY ARE FEELING. ANDREW: SO, I'M ON A VA DISABILITY AS A 100% DISABLED VETERAN. AND I, YOU KNOW, GIVEN WHAT I GET A MONTH, I USED TO BE ABLE TO AFFORD THINGS EASILY. NOW IT GETS TO THE POINT TO WHERE I HAVE TO REALLY WATCH MY BUDGET. HOW MUCH FOOD CAN I AFFORD A MONTH OR HOW MUCH, OR IF I BUY THIS MUCH FOOD, CAN I PAY RENT OR, CAN I AFFORD THE CAR? I DON'T HAVE A CAR RIGHT NOW BECAUSE THERE'S NO WAY THAT I COULD AFFORD A CAR.
我想谈谈两个人关于他们所感受到的压力的说法。安德鲁：所以，作为一名100%残疾退伍军人，我依靠退伍军人事务部（VA）的残疾补助生活。你知道，鉴于我每月得到的收入，我以前能轻松负担得起各种东西。现在到了我必须严格监控预算的地步。我每个月能负担多少食物？或者如果我买这么多食物，我能付房租吗？或者我能负担得起车吗？我现在没有车，因为我根本负担不起买车。
CRAIG: IT'S PRETTY HARD FOR US TO BUDGET FOR A DRAMATIC INCREASE IN THE COST OF DIESEL. IT GRINDS ON YOU, YOU KNOW? WHEN I WAKE UP IN THE MORNING, I'M THINKING ABOUT IT, WHEN I GO TO BED AT NIGHT, I AM THINKING ABOUT. I'M TRYING TO PUT IT OUT OF MY BRAIN IN ORDER TO SLEEP. BUT YOU DO THINK ABOUT IT A LOT. AMNA: PEOPLE ARE CLEARLY FEELING THIS PRESSURE AND LOTS OF WAYS. ARE WE SEEING CONSUMERS CALL BACK ON SPENDING AND A SIGNIFICANT WAY?
克雷格：我们很难为柴油成本的急剧上涨做预算。这让你备受煎熬，你知道吗？早上醒来我在想它，晚上睡觉前我也在想。我试图把它从脑海中赶走以便入睡，但你确实会经常想到它。阿曼娜：人们显然在各种方面都感受到了这种压力。我们是否看到消费者大幅削减支出？
HEATHER: THE PAIN IS DEFINITELY REAL SINCE PRESIDENT TRUMP TOOK OFFICE AGAIN THERE HAS BEEN NO WAGE GROWTH ONCE YOU ADJUST FOR INFLATION AND WE ALREADY SEE THAT STRAIN AND YOU COULD HEAR IT IN SOME OF THOSE CLIPS. PEOPLE ARE RELIANT ON CREDIT CARDS AND STARTING TO MISS PAYMENTS, THE REAL QUESTION IS HOW LONG CAN THE MIDDLE-CLASS HOLD ON? WE SEE MORE STORIES THAT THE FEDERAL C
希瑟：痛苦是真实存在的。自特朗普总统再次上任以来，经通胀调整后实际工资增长为零，我们已经看到了这种压力，你可以在那些片段中听到这一点。人们依赖信用卡并开始出现逾期付款的情况，真正的问题是中等收入阶层能支撑多久？我们看到越来越多的故事表明联邦C
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