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汇丰策略师:AI交易基本面未变,市场属流动性抛售

HSBC’s Max Kettner: The AI Trade Hasn’t Fundamentally Changed

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提供机构对AI行情回调的深度归因与操作视角,帮助区分流动性风险与基本面变化,适合关注美股科技板块及宏观叙事的读者留意。

Well, let's dig into the market moves that we're seeing today on a significantly negative day for equities. We've got Max Kastner with US services chief multi-asset strategist for more. Max good morning. I wonder in all of the shakedowns that we've seen of eye related trades over the past couple of months, where you place what we're seeing over the past 24 hours, is this a moment of reckoning or something much less dramatic?

好的,让我们深入探讨今天股市大幅下跌背景下我们看到的市场动向。我们有美国服务首席多资产策略师 Max Kastner 带来更多信息。Max,早上好。我想问的是,在过去几个月里我们目睹了各种与眼相关的交易(注:此处可能为 transcribed error,通常指 'risk' 或特定策略)的震荡中,你认为过去24小时我们所见的情况处于什么位置?这是清算时刻,还是远没有那么戏剧性?

No, I think it's a sort of moment like we had, uh, if you guys remember the end of January 2018, the blow up and all the inverse vol products, that feels pretty similar, right? We had obviously the news that you guys broke on on one of the hedge funds, uh, shutting part of their equity business. Uh, then the rumors coming, is there going to be more more than that? Um, that feels very similar to what we had eight years ago or nine years ago.

不,我认为这有点像我们在2018年1月底经历的那种时刻,如果你还记得的话,当时爆仓以及所有反向波动率产品(inverse vol products),感觉非常相似,对吧?显然,你们报道了一家对冲基金关闭其部分股票业务的消息。然后谣言四起,是否会有更多此类情况发生?嗯,这感觉与八年前或九年前的情形非常相似。

One was now, um, remember back then it was the smart beta product blowing up. It was all the inverse VIX, Eaton's and inverse VIX ETFs blowing up. And then people were also for a couple of days saying right, which, which you know how much AUM can can blow up. How systemic is this going to be a lot. So I think this is pretty similar to that. Um, the only real difference this time around is this that obviously in the next two weeks we'll talk about the entropic IPO and my my guesses as good as anyone else's.

当时是智能贝塔(smart beta)产品爆仓。所有反向VIX、Eaton's(注:可能为误听,通常指其他ETF名称)和反向VIX ETF都爆仓了。然后人们也连续几天讨论,你知道的,有多少资产管理规模(AUM)会爆仓?系统性风险会有多大?所以我认为这与当时的情况相当相似。这次唯一的真正区别在于,显然在接下来的两周里我们会讨论Anthropic的首次公开募股(IPO),我的猜测和其他人的一样好。

Is it going to come. Is it not going to go I'm going to come. What valuation. If it's a lower valuation, is that going to be read positively. Is it going to be written negatively? It's it's just anyone's guess. That's the the key difference I think to to 2018 though. So actually Bloomberg Scholar Montgomery County provide someone they might block that for, at least for today. Before we get to the anthropic IPO, the setting is now the risk.

它会不会上市?它会不会不上市?我会不会上市?估值如何?如果是较低的估值,会被解读为正面信号吗?还是会遭到负面解读?这真的只是每个人的猜测。我认为这才是与2018年相比的关键不同之处。所以实际上,彭博社的Scholar Montgomery County提供了一些信息,他们可能会对此进行封锁,至少在今天如此。在我们进入Anthropic IPO之前,现在的背景是风险。

And I mean, she says there's no fundamental point to this move. Do you agree with that? Yeah. I mean, fundamentally, it's not like anything has changed yesterday, right? What's changed yesterday was uh oh my lord, we have forced selling now because funds are it's not pods liquidating, it's now funds liquidating. And is that going to be the only one or is that just the first one? Fundamentals. I mean, we've we've stopped caring about fundamentals weeks ago.

我的意思是,她说这次走势没有基本面支撑。你同意吗?是的。我的意思是,从基本面上看,昨天并没有发生任何变化,对吧?昨天发生变化的是,天哪,我们现在面临强制抛售,因为基金正在平仓。这不是投资组合(pods)在清算,而是整个基金在清算。这会是唯一的一家,还是这只是第一家?基本面方面,我的意思是,我们几周前就已经不再关心基本面了。

Right. And so if you think about it like fundamentally, um, even one of the oldest Nvidia chips, the B 300, the rental yield has been going parabolic higher in the last two months. If you had told me two months ago that rental yields for GPUs, even for the oldest ones, are going parabolic higher, I mean, uh, 1,000,000%. I would not have told you. Yeah. The trade of short semis ready. So yeah. So, you know, in terms of the timing, I don't quite understand why we why semis were ripping in August and in September.

对。所以如果你从根本上来思考,即使是英伟达最老的芯片之一 B300,其租赁收益率在过去两个月里呈抛物线式飙升。如果两个月前有人告诉我,GPU 的租赁收益率,即使是针对最老型号的,也会呈抛物线式飙升,我的意思是,1000000%。我绝不会这么说。是的。做空半导体的交易已经准备好了。所以,你知道的,就时机而言,我不太明白为什么半导体板块在八月和九月会如此强劲上涨。

And likewise I don't really understand what's happening right now. I get it that you know, with the Democrats maybe the, uh, the dynamic slightly different. Sure, but. Well, if this market's so hard to understand. What are you doing? How are you trading this? What's your advice to clients? Um, you look less at what is fundamentally correct because that doesn't really matter. And you look more. And what is the current narrative?

同样,我也不太明白现在到底发生了什么。我明白,随着民主党人的介入,情况可能略有不同。当然,但是……好吧,如果这个市场这么难以理解,你在做什么?你是如何交易的?你对客户有什么建议?嗯,你更应该关注当前的叙事,而不是基本面是否正确,因为后者其实并不那么重要。你应该更多地关注:当前的叙事是什么?

You try to figure out what is the current narrative, and then you try to figure out what is the potential catalyst for that narrative to end in the potential timing, right? So think a month ago, this pretty much today a month ago was the high end yields, right. We had almost 535. Well what were a good 50 basis points lower from know a month ago when you look could you guys look at the terminal and you plot those term frequency charts.

你要弄清楚当前的叙事是什么,然后尝试找出该叙事结束的可能催化剂以及可能的时间点,对吧?所以想想一个月前,差不多就是今天的一个月前,那是收益率的高点,对吧。我们当时几乎达到了 5.35%。而一个月前你看,这比现在的水平低了大约 50 个基点。你们可以查看终端并绘制那些术语频率图表。

So how many stories there are on things like government debt. It was genuinely off the charts. Like you have to change the scale because people in September were just freaking out about fiscal sustainability, fiscal deficits, too much government debt ends up and so on and so on. Whereas in reality, did that really change within four weeks already? Like fiscal dynamics, like they change within four weeks? No. Come on.

比如关于政府债务的故事有多少。那真的是突破天际。你必须改变坐标轴刻度,因为在九月,人们仅仅因为财政可持续性、财政赤字以及过多的政府债务等问题就惊慌失措,等等等等。然而事实上,这些情况在四周内真的发生了变化吗?比如财政动态,它们在四周内就变了吗?没有。得了吧。

Even the price action didn't didn't really fit right because things like the ten year auction, for example, right a month ago was the best 1 in 23 years. I surely if you're worried about fiscal, you wouldn't have the best ten year auction in more than two decades. But that was the narrative, right? So you trying to figure out, okay, when is that narrative over? What's the next narrative now? The narrative obviously is I is dead.

甚至价格走势也不太吻合,因为像十年期国债拍卖这样的例子,一个月前是过去 23 年来最好的。如果你担心财政问题,你就不会看到二十多年来最好的十年期国债拍卖结果。但那就是当时的叙事,对吧?所以你试图弄清楚,好的,这个叙事什么时候结束?现在的下一个叙事是什么?显然的叙事是“美国已死”。

I cycle is dead. So we got to figure out who has number one. Has it fundamentally really changed? Which I don't think it has. Right. Uh, and that means what's the what's the next narrative? Is the next narrative really that I'm continuing to play broadening to? I really want to buy consumer staples that have just ripped 20%. Do you want to buy a Costco that is exposed to like the lower end of the cage? Just singling it out.

I轮已经结束了。所以我们需要弄清楚谁占据第一的位置。这是否从根本上发生了真正的变化?我认为并没有。对吧。嗯,那意味着下一个叙事是什么?下一个叙事真的是我继续扩大覆盖面吗?我真的想买那些刚刚暴涨20%的消费必需品股吗?你想买一家暴露在低端市场(cage)的Costco吗?只是单独把它挑出来。

But you can do Walmart. You can to target. All of those have rallied 20% plus in the last five weeks. You know, staples are trading almost at 25 times earnings. Tech is a trading at 17. Does that make sense. Of course it doesn't fundamentally makes no sense. But we got to figure out what is the catalyst for that. For me the catalyst really is the entropic IPO. If you get that over the line, if you get it at a reasonable valuation, um, then what is what is a reasonable valuation for that?

但你可以选择沃尔玛。你也可以选择塔吉特(Target)。过去五周里,所有这些股票都反弹了20%以上。你知道,消费必需品股的市盈率接近25倍。科技股的市盈率是17倍。这说得通吗?当然说不通。从基本面上看完全不合理。但我们必须弄清楚其中的催化剂是什么。对我来说,这个催化剂实际上是熵公司(Entropic)的IPO。如果你能让它顺利上市,并且估值合理,嗯,那么合理的估值是多少呢?

I, you know, obviously not 2 trillion. I would even be happy if it's a trillion or even below it. Right. I don't think we need the headline. Oh my God, it is $1 trillion IPO. Because I think what's actually more important is the secondary right, is because if we got a dynamic like we had the space X, that you get it on secondary and then uh, stock reps for a couple hours, but then it dumps in the current environment.

我知道,显然不可能是两万亿美元。如果是一万亿美元甚至更低,我甚至会很高兴。对吧。我不需要那个头条新闻:天哪,这是一次一万亿美元的IPO。因为我认为实际上更重要的是二级市场交易,是因为如果我们出现像SpaceX那样的动态,你在二级市场买到它,然后股价在几小时内回购,但在当前环境下随后就会暴跌。

You don't want to have that. So it might actually even be better if you have it a bit bit lower than one and a half. It's like somewhere between. I don't know. I don't know what it is like. Is it bit below 1 trillion but above a 1 trillion? I think that would probably be good to be good enough. But if they delay again, does that become a bigger story? I'm not sure. Look, I'll tell you what. 24 hours ago I would have said there's no way.

你不希望发生那种情况。所以,如果估值比一万五千亿稍低一点,实际上可能更好。大概在某个区间之间。我不知道。我不清楚具体情况。是在一万亿以下但又在多少以上?我认为大概在一万亿左右可能会比较好,也足够好。但如果他们再次推迟,这会成为一个更大的故事吗?我不确定。听着,我跟你说吧。24小时前我会说绝对不可能。

Now come on, we've ripped and everything. Like, of course it's going ahead now. I'm a bit I don't know, I really don't know. Like the point. I will say it's like we've just chatted about it offline, right? Like, who knows if the Nasdaq isn't going to rep three 4% by the end of today? Because yesterday really was the flushing out where there was indiscriminate selling. Look at Europe this morning is not like tech is driving the selloff, right.

现在来吧,我们已经大幅上涨,一切都在推进中。当然,现在肯定会继续进行。我有点……我不知道,我真的不知道。就像重点在于,我们刚才私下聊过,对吧?谁知道纳斯达克今天收盘前不会进行3-4%的回购呢?因为昨天确实是一次清洗,出现了无差别的抛售。看看今天早上欧洲的情况,并不是科技股在推动这次抛售,对吧。

It's just everything including the that defensive. So this this feels much more like general broad based flush out, you know, if in the next, uh, next couple of hours and next week Nasdaq rips 5% higher. Cool IPO's back on again. Um, briefly. Is there a haven trade here? Yeah. Look at the UK looks in the Europeans. Or are we all locked into this AI story whether we like it or not, you're either locked in with a correlation of one or correlation of minus one.

这基本上涵盖了所有防御性因素。所以,这感觉更像是广泛的全面出清。你知道的,如果接下来几个小时或下周纳斯达克上涨5%,那就太棒了,IPO市场将重新活跃起来。嗯,简短地说,这里存在避险交易吗?是的。看看英国和欧洲的情况。或者我们是否无论喜欢与否都深陷于AI叙事之中?你要么与AI高度正相关(相关性为1),要么高度负相关(相关性为-1)。

No, that's basically it. Unless you want to do like you know, there is of course some stories like 5250 I quite I am quite bullish about the UK because we've had so many positive economic surprises. So yeah, I think those ones are probably the unrelated ones, but they're obviously in terms of the size of the trade, way smaller. Um, but if you look at the ten year yield versus the Nasdaq now in the last three months, it genuinely looks like it's the same line.

不,基本就是这样。除非你想做其他操作,当然也有一些故事,比如富时2500指数(FTSE 2500),我对英国市场相当看好,因为我们经历了太多正面的经济惊喜。所以,是的,我认为这些可能是不相关的板块,但显然就交易规模而言,它们要小得多。嗯,但如果观察过去三个月十年期收益率与纳斯达克指数的走势,它们看起来确实像是同一条线。

So I the people up until a month and a half ago I've been saying, oh I and higher I CapEx means higher nominal growth. Higher nominal growth means higher star. That means the ten year needs to go maybe even to 6% and now say the entire opposite.

所以,直到一个半月前,我一直说,更高的AI支出(CapEx)意味着更高的名义增长。更高的名义增长意味着更高的Star(此处保留英文,可能指特定指标或术语)。这意味着十年期收益率可能需要甚至达到6%。而现在情况完全相反。

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