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前军情六处负责人警告情报机构政治化

MI6 Former Head Warns Against Politicizing Intelligence

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涉及全球核心情报机构的运作机制与政治风险,提示地缘政治对跨国业务环境的潜在扰动,值得宏观与策略研究者关注。

Sat down with Sir Richard Dearlove, the former head of British intelligence and cohost of the One Decision Podcast. I mean, if you look at the European intelligence agencies, for largely historical reasons, there's no question that The United Kingdom in MI six has, let's say, the agency with the broadest international remit with representation in many countries and with a depth and length of experience which is unmatched by any other European service.

我与理查德·迪尔洛夫爵士共进晚餐,他是英国情报机构的前负责人,也是《One Decision Podcast》节目的联合主持人。我的意思是,如果你看看欧洲的情报机构,出于 largely 历史原因,毫无疑问,英国的军情六处(MI6)可以说是最具广泛国际任务范围的情报机构,在许多国家设有代表处,其经验和资历的深度与广度是任何其他欧洲情报机构都无法比拟的。

I mean, bearing in mind MI6 is a historical creation that goes back to nineteen o nine, and there's no other European service that has a history with that debt. So I'm not surprised. Of course, it's the best European service. I wouldn't say that, wouldn't I? Why is human intelligence so important? What makes it so valuable? Because I think you can only really find out the sort of detail of what you're searching for by talking to the people who've actually got access to the decision making process in the foreign government.

我的意思是,考虑到军情六处是一个有着悠久历史的机构,可以追溯到1909年,没有其他欧洲情报机构拥有如此深厚的历史积淀。所以我并不感到惊讶。当然,它是欧洲最好的情报机构。我不会这么说,对吧?为什么人力情报(HUMINT)如此重要?是什么让它如此有价值?因为我认为,只有通过那些实际上能够接触外国政府决策过程的人交谈,你才能真正了解你所寻找的细节。

So let's say the current war in Iran, I would imagine that, let's say, Mossad has human resources amongst the Iranian leadership. You therefore get a much more integrated and clear picture of how the leadership of the IRGC is thinking in the conduct of the war. Mean intercept can be valuable and really important, but you might only have a partial picture. You know data analysis doesn't give you that human dimension then.

所以,假设目前伊朗的战争,我想象摩萨德在伊朗领导层中拥有人力资源。因此,你能获得一个更整合、更清晰的画面,了解伊斯兰革命卫队(IRGC)领导层在战争中的思维方式。信号情报(SIGINT)可能很有价值且非常重要,但你可能只掌握部分情况。你知道数据分析无法提供那种人性化维度。

Is it getting harder to recruit and train people to be successful operations agents? I mean, do people still want to be spies? It seems like in an era where everybody wants to tell everybody everything. Is it hard to say to a smart young person, we want you to do a lot of risky amazing stuff, but you can't put it on Instagram? Yeah. I guess that's a good point, but I think if the career is regarded as prestigious, if the career offer is good.

招募和培训成功的行动特工是否变得越来越难?我的意思是,人们还愿意当间谍吗?似乎在一个每个人都想告诉所有人一切的时代,很难对一个聪明的年轻人说:我们希望你做很多冒险的惊人事情,但你不能把它发到Instagram上?是的。我想这是一个好观点,但我认为如果这份职业被视为享有声望,如果职业待遇良好。

I mean, can honestly say I was in MI six for thirty eight years, and despite the discipline, the restraints, the secrecy, I probably never had a boring day at work. How many people could say that in her first year career? So there is an attraction. I think it requires a special type of character, you know, that's suited to the work. Of course, not everybody is and the selection is pretty fierce, but certainly in The UK it's maintained its reputation as an attractive career.

我的意思是,我可以诚实地说我在军情六处工作了38年,尽管有纪律约束、限制和保密要求,但我工作中可能从未有过无聊的一天。有多少人在职业生涯的第一年能这样说呢?所以确实有一种吸引力。我认为这需要一种适合这项工作的特殊性格类型。当然,不是每个人都是这样,而且选拔非常激烈,但在英国,它确实保持了作为一份有吸引力的职业的声誉。

In some other countries where the intelligence community has been more politicized, I wouldn't say that's necessarily true. Well, speaking of, I'm wondering what your assessment is right now of cooperation between MI six and the CIA. I know when you were head of the agency, you spent a lot of time in Washington. You spent a lot of time, both at the in Langley and in the White House. But is that cooperation as good as it used to be, and does the CIA have a retention and recruiting problem at the moment?

在一些情报界政治化程度更高的其他国家,我不认为那一定是事实。嗯,说到这个,我想知道你目前对军情六处(MI6)与中央情报局(CIA)之间合作的评估如何。我知道当你担任局长时,你在华盛顿花了很多时间。你在兰利和白宫都花了很多时间。但那种合作是否还像过去那样好?此外,中央情报局目前是否存在人员留存和招聘问题?

Well, the last of your questions first. I'm told that CIA does have a recruiting problem at the moment. But that's maybe because there has recently, I think rather shockingly, been a purge of senior officers on the basis of the degree of their loyalty loyalty to to mega republicanism. I mean, it shouldn't be a party issue, but I think it's become so. And I think the previous or the party DDA, that's the head of the operational bid of CIA, I think it was called Tom Saw Vesta, who should have finished his career in London has been denied the job and has retired because it wasn't absolutely clear that he was a sort of uncritical mega Republican supporter.

嗯,先回答你最后一个问题。据我所知,中央情报局目前确实存在招聘问题。但这也许是因为最近发生了一场令人震惊的清洗,基于高级官员对“超级共和党人”忠诚度的程度。我的意思是,这不应该成为党派问题,但我认为它已经变成了这样。我认为前任或现任的DDA(即负责运营事务的负责人),我想那叫汤姆·萨维斯塔(Tom Saw Vesta),他本应在伦敦结束职业生涯,却被剥夺了职位并退休了,因为并不完全清楚他是那种毫无保留地支持“超级共和党人”的人。

I find that very alarming and not good for the service at all. I mean, the tradition in MI6 is that you work whatever party is in government, that you don't express a political opinion. And okay, you are denied that opportunity publicly to advertise your own views. But that is part of the discipline of being a national intelligence officer. I think the CIA at the moment certainly seems to have a problem. I guess that will pass because it has a tradition of producing and training very capable field offices.

我觉得这非常令人担忧,对机构来说绝非好事。我的意思是,军情六处的传统是无论哪个政党执政都要为其工作,不表达政治观点。当然,你被公开剥夺了宣传自己观点的机会。但这是作为国家情报官员纪律的一部分。我认为中央情报局目前显然存在问题。我想这种情况会过去,因为它有培养和训练非常能干的现场办公室的传统。

When you look at other intelligence agencies, including MI six, at the moment, do they trust the CIA? Do they trust sharing intelligence with The United States? Yes. I think they do. I would say that over time, there have always been issues of complexity in those sorts of relationship because there can be divergence in political aims, and there can be problems which arise sometimes which are not publicized. I mean during my time, although we were very, very close to CIA, I'm talking about nine eleven or let's say the war in Afghanistan, war in Iraq.

当你审视其他情报机构,包括目前的军情六处时,它们信任中央情报局吗?它们信任与美国分享情报吗?是的,我认为它们信任。我会说,随着时间的推移,这类关系中始终存在复杂性问题,因为政治目标可能存在分歧,有时也会出现一些未公开的问题。我的意思是,在我任职期间,尽管我们与中央情报局的关系非常密切,我指的是9/11事件,或者说阿富汗战争、伊拉克战争。

If you go back a step before that, there were problems between The UK and The US over the conflict in the Balkans where there were policy differences and problems arose which were more of a political nature. This isn't unknown, but I mean, I would have thought that both sides will be trying to make the operation work, but sometimes you have a view in the White House or maybe you have a view in Number 10 Downing Street, can cause problems.

如果往前追溯一步,英国和美国之间在巴尔干冲突问题上曾存在分歧,双方政策不同,引发了一些更多属于政治性质的问题。这种情况并不罕见,但我想说的是,我认为双方都会努力使行动顺利进行,但有时白宫的观点,或者唐宁街10号的观点,可能会引发问题。

I mean, these relationships can be quite complicated. And, you know, objective, particularly short term ones, can diverge. Would you still recommend a career in intelligence for a young person either in Washington or in London? Yes. I think I would. I mean, if you're interested in geopolitics, if you're interested in the state of the world, if you are cool headed, if you like if you feel at home in foreign countries and you are comfortable in those sorts of environment, Korea can still offer a lot.

我的意思是,这些关系可能相当复杂。而且,你知道,客观上,尤其是短期目标,可能会出现分歧。你还会向华盛顿或伦敦的年轻人推荐情报工作吗?是的,我会。我是说,如果你对地缘政治感兴趣,对世界局势感兴趣,如果你能保持冷静,如果你喜欢在国外生活并且在这种环境中感到自在,韩国仍然能提供很多机会。

And I think maybe some of the current difficulties that may have arisen between Washington and London, I wouldn't like to overemphasize them. I think the relationship is still quite close on the intelligence side probably. You know, these things come and go, and I'm sure that, you know, the present administration in The US, I think we regard as something of an aberration. But there are still areas of cooperation which are hugely important.

我认为,也许华盛顿和伦敦之间目前出现的一些困难,我不愿过分强调。我认为在情报方面,双方的关系仍然相当密切。你知道,这些事情来来去去,我确信,你知道,美国现任政府,我认为我们将其视为某种异常现象。但仍有一些合作领域极其重要。

Maybe I missed my calling, although I do like to talk. I'm not great at keeping secrets. Super secret. You know, I think you've been you would have been great at the job.

也许我错过了自己的天职,尽管我喜欢说话。我不擅长保守秘密。超级机密。你知道,我觉得你会非常适合这份工作。

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