The Verge 播客复盘扎克伯格采访:Meta眼镜隐私争议与青少年安全
I have some questions for Mark Zuckerberg
It’s a big week for Meta. The company just kicked off its big Connect conference on Wednesday, and the new Muse AI agent appears to be an early hit. I’ve been using it — it is surprisingly good.
这对Meta来说是个大周。该公司周三刚刚开启了其大型Connect大会,新的Muse AI助手似乎一推出就大获成功。我一直在使用它——效果出乎意料地好。
CEO Mark Zuckerberg has obviously been out there taking a victory lap and participating in a lot of interviews about all this. So of course, we asked for him to appear on Decoder. Meta declined my interview request for whatever reason. But luckily Mark just did a big interview with our friend and former colleague Alex Heath on the Sources podcast.
CEO马克·扎克伯格显然一直在四处接受胜利巡游般的待遇,并参与了大量关于此事的采访。因此,我们当然邀请他来到《Decoder》节目。Meta出于某种原因拒绝了我的采访请求。但幸运的是,马克最近在我们的朋友兼前同事Alex Heath主持的《Sources》播客中接受了一次大型采访。
So I figure we could just highlight some moments from that conversation and I could point out some obvious gaps in what Mark is saying about the company right now, and hopefully the next set of people who get to talk to him can ask him some follow-up questions.
所以我想我们可以重点突出那次对话中的一些时刻,我可以指出马克目前对公司言论中一些明显的漏洞,并希望下一批有机会与他交谈的人能向他提出一些后续问题。
So here’s some of the things I would love to ask Mark Zuckerberg if he would join me here on Decoder. Let’s start with Mark’s comments on the Meta Glasses.
以下是如果马克·扎克伯格加入我来到《Decoder》节目,我非常想问他的几个问题。让我们从马克关于Meta眼镜的评论开始。
Mark Zuckerberg: So we actually feel quite good about the product. I mean, phones don’t have a light, but I mean, people go around recording people all the time.
马克·扎克伯格:所以我们其实对这款产品相当满意。我的意思是,手机没有指示灯,但人们确实随时随地都在拍摄他人。
So I think it’s very important to note that the entire tech industry really wants passive surveillance devices to fit into the same category as phones — for you to understand everything from Flock cameras to Ring doorbells to Meta Glasses the same way that you might understand a smartphone.
因此,我认为非常重要的一点是,整个科技行业都真正希望将被动监控设备归类为与手机相同的类别——让你以理解智能手机的方式,来理解从Flock摄像头到Ring门铃再到Meta眼镜的一切。
Now, there are some very obvious differences here that I think are worth really pushing on in these conversations. For example, if you want to record someone with your phone, you have to take it out of your pocket, open the camera app, and literally hold it in their face. This is a physical action that is meaningfully different from having a pair of glasses on your face with a light and just passively recording someone.
现在,这里有一些非常明显的差异,我认为在这些讨论中值得深入探讨。例如,如果你想用手机拍摄某人,你必须把它从口袋里拿出来,打开相机应用,并且 literally(字面上)把镜头对准对方的脸。这是一个物理动作,与你脸上戴着一副带灯的镜子并被动地拍摄某人有着实质性的不同。
That physical action means that you have to announce your intent to do something with your body and other people can react to it. Obviously, you don’t do that with Meta Glasses. You just start recording and people can notice if there’s a light or not, but the big physical announcement that you’re about to begin recording is not present.
这个物理动作意味着你必须通过身体动作来宣告你打算做什么,而其他人可以对此做出反应。显然,使用Meta眼镜时你不会这样做。你只是开始录制,人们可能会注意到是否有灯光,但你即将开始录制的那个重大物理宣告并不存在。
So I think one of the reasons the entire tech industry is so eager to fit these passive surveillance devices into the same kind of mental framework as smartphones is so that no one has to question whether there should be a new social etiquette for these devices. Instead, you’re like, “Oh, it’s just a smartphone. I already understand how to use that.” But importantly, that also brushes over the fact that we did have to create a massive new set of social rules and norms around smartphone recording.
所以我认为,整个科技行业如此急切地将这些被动监控设备纳入与智能手机相同的心智框架的原因之一,是为了让没有人需要质疑是否应该为这些设备建立新的社交礼仪。相反,人们会说:“哦,这只是一部智能手机。我已经知道怎么用了。”但重要的是,这也掩盖了一个事实:我们确实不得不在围绕智能手机录制行为方面制定一套全新的社会规则和规范。
We did live through the entire Black Lives Matter movement because smartphone recording allowed people to record the police, and we as a society didn’t quite know what to do with that information and maybe still don’t know what to do with that information. I would just push on this over and over and over again.
我们亲历了整个“黑人的命也是命”(Black Lives Matter)运动,因为智能手机的录制功能让人们能够拍摄警察,而我们作为一个社会当时并不太清楚该如何处理这些信息,也许至今仍然不清楚。我会一遍又一遍地强调这一点。
Do you want there to be constant recordings of everyone? Do we think that smartphones allowing everyone to record everything all the time is good? Do we think being able to livestream everything all the time was good? If you could reboot that in a new form factor that allowed for easier and more passive recording, what norms would you change?
你是否希望每个人都被持续记录?我们认为智能手机让每个人随时随地都能进行录制是好事吗?我们认为随时随地直播一切是好事吗?如果以一种允许更便捷、更被动录制的新形态重新构想这一切,你会改变哪些规范?
There’s already examples of this inside of Meta, where they know the Meta glasses are being used to harass retail workers and women, and they have started down-ranking those videos on Instagram to provide less incentive to make them. So I think a version of this question you could ask very directly is if you know some of the content that is being made with these glasses is so bad that you’ve down-ranked it on your own distribution platform, what is so good about these glasses that make it worth having these debates over and over again?
Meta 内部已有此类案例,他们知道 Meta 眼镜被用于骚扰零售员工和女性,因此开始在 Instagram 上降低这些视频的排名,以减少制作此类视频的动力。所以我认为你可以非常直接地问这样一个问题:如果你知道用这些眼镜制作的部分内容糟糕到让你在自己的分发平台上对其进行降权处理,那么这些眼镜究竟有什么优点,值得让我们反复争论不休?
All right, let’s get back to Mark’s comments on Meta glasses.
好的,让我们回到马克对 Meta 眼镜的评论。
Mark Zuckerberg: When we launched the glasses a few years back, we communicated pretty clearly about these steps that we put into it. But like you said, there’s now many, many, many millions of people who’ve gotten the glasses more than had them when we just started launching the product. So I think some of that communication that we did at the beginning, a lot of people either maybe-
马克·扎克伯格:几年前我们推出这款眼镜时,我们相当清晰地传达了我们在其中实施的步骤。但就像你所说,现在已经有成千上万的人拥有了这款眼镜,而当初我们刚开始推出产品时拥有它的人要少得多。所以我认为,我们最初做的一些沟通,很多人要么可能——
Alex Heath: Didn’t see.
亚历克斯·希思:没看到。
Mark Zuckerberg: Or they forgot about it or they didn’t see at the beginning or they just weren’t paying attention to it because the glasses weren’t a big thing. Now that I think we’ve achieved a level of mainstream… well, at a minimum, I think we need to go and make sure that we communicate about what we’re doing and that, yes, we think that this is important and, in fact, so important that we designed it into the product from the very first version that we shipped multiple years ago.
马克·扎克伯格:或者他们忘记了,或者一开始没注意到,或者只是没有关注,因为眼镜并不是什么大事。现在我认为我们已经达到了主流水平……至少,我认为我们需要去确保我们沟通我们在做什么,并且是的,我们认为这很重要,事实上非常重要,以至于我们从多年前推出的第一个版本起就将它设计进了产品中。
All right, let’s stop here. So I would ask some very simple questions here. What is important? Is it the privacy of the user? Is it the privacy of the person who might be being recorded? And what is it that you thought you were communicating clearly at the beginning that got lost?
好的,我们就此打住。那么我会问几个非常简单的问题。什么是重要的?是用户的隐私吗?是被录制者的隐私吗?以及你认为一开始清晰传达但后来丢失的信息是什么?
What I think Mark is trying to say is at the very beginning, they announced that the glasses would have a light, that the light would be on when you’re recording, that they thought it was obvious that there was a camera in the temple. Over time, as more people got the glasses and more people experienced the glasses on other people’s faces, it was not clear what that light was or what it meant. Now, Mark thinks they have to do more communication about specifically the light existing.
我认为马克想说的是,在最初,他们宣布眼镜会有一个指示灯,录制时灯会亮,他们认为镜腿上有摄像头是显而易见的。随着时间的推移,越来越多的人戴上了眼镜,更多人体验了别人脸上戴着的眼镜,那个灯是什么、代表什么意思变得不清楚了。现在,马克认为他们需要更多地沟通关于这个灯的存在这一事实。
My response to all of that is it doesn’t matter what Meta says. This is the essential truth of every piece of mainstream consumer technology. The users define the product. If you sell millions of gadgets to people, they will use them in ways you never expected. It’s those emergent behaviors that often define the next version of the product.
我对这一切的回应是,Meta说什么并不重要。这是每款主流消费级技术的本质真相。用户定义产品。如果你向人们出售数百万件小工具,他们会以你从未预料过的方式使用它们。正是这些涌现的行为往往定义了产品的下一个版本。
Probably one of the most famous examples of this is Twitter. Twitter didn’t invent the hashtag or the @ reply or any of a million features that we associate with Twitter. Users on Twitter invented those features, and Twitter adopted them because its users had figured out a way to use the service in ways that it had never even contemplated.
这可能是最著名的例子之一:Twitter。Twitter并没有发明井号标签(hashtag)或@回复,也没有发明我们与Twitter相关的任何百万个功能。Twitter上的用户发明了这些功能,而Twitter采纳了它们,因为其用户找到了以Twitter从未设想过的方式使用服务的方法。
This is broadly true of everything. It’s true of computers, it’s true of smartphones, it’s true of social platforms, and it is true of Meta Glasses. The ways people are using them have nothing to do with Meta’s intentions or its communication about recording lights at the beginning or now.
这对一切事物都是普遍适用的。对计算机如此,对智能手机如此,对社交平台如此,对Meta眼镜也是如此。人们使用它们的方式与Meta的意图或其关于录制指示灯的最初或现在的沟通毫无关系。
So I think the natural follow-up question we should all be asking is how much control does Meta have over bad actors who are using these glasses to harass people? Because just telling more people that the light indicates recording isn’t going to stop it.
所以我认为我们应该提出的自然后续问题是,Meta对利用这些眼镜骚扰他人的不良行为者有多少控制权?因为仅仅告诉更多人灯表示正在录制并不能阻止这种行为。
Are they going to do more things like down-ranking videos of people harassing retail workers? Do they think the other platforms will follow their lead? Does Meta think that creating negative incentives for how people use a camera with content moderation will actually solve the problem? Is there anything about the history of content moderation that suggests that that’s true, given Mark’s own history with content moderation?
他们是否会采取更多类似降低骚扰零售员工视频排名的措施?他们认为其他平台会效仿吗?Meta 是否认为,通过内容审核对用户使用摄像头的方式施加负面激励,实际上能解决问题?鉴于马克本人参与内容审核的历史,内容审核的历史中是否有任何迹象表明这是真的?
Next up, Mark talks about teen safety and Meta’s recent multi-billion dollar teen safety settlement.
接下来,马克谈到了青少年安全问题以及 Meta 近期达成的数十亿美元青少年安全和解协议。
Mark Zuckerberg: I think it would’ve been possible to have explained along the way how seriously we took those issues, and we just didn’t because we thought, well, people are showing that by using the product so much they still like the products.
马克·扎克伯格:我认为本可以在过程中解释我们对这些问题的重视程度,但我们没有这样做,因为我们认为,人们通过使用产品如此频繁,表明他们仍然喜欢这些产品。
Okay, let me stop there. The claim in many of the social media lawsuits is that the product is addictive. The reason people keep comparing social media to Big Tobacco is that smoking is fun and people enjoyed it, and it was killing them.
好的,让我先停在这里。许多社交媒体诉讼中的主张是该产品具有成瘾性。人们不断将社交媒体与大型烟草公司相提并论的原因是,吸烟很有趣,人们享受其中,但它正在夺去他们的生命。
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