Noble:AI是史上最大资本错配,市场处于后真相时代
AI Will Be Biggest 'Misallocation' of Capital, Says Noble
Noble 提供了对 AI 资本开支与回报率的逆向分析框架及“叙事主导”的市场定性,对理解当前估值逻辑极具参考价值,建议关注其后续风险提示。
So my, uh, mentor, Peter Lynch had insatiable curiosity. And he needed a foreign stock. Uh, jock. So they came to me, uh, in early 84, and they said there had been abroad. I wanted to you want to be in control, you know? So they sent me out here and they said, get your glove. Because end of the year of 80, 84, we're going to start our first foreign stock fund. I was it so, you know, but as with most things with Ned Johnson, they gave you opportunity.
所以我的导师彼得·林奇有着永不满足的好奇心。他需要一只外国股票。呃,乔克。于是他们在84年初找到我,说在国外有过经历。你知道,你想掌控局面吗?所以他们把我派到这儿来,说:戴上你的手套吧。因为到了84年底,我们将启动第一只外国股票基金。我当时是……但就像内德·约翰逊的许多事情一样,他们给了你机会。
Three into the fire and look let's see what you got. The fire right now is I you are scathing our listeners and viewers that own this stuff in their retirement plans and fidelity everywhere else as well. What should be their action into the autumn? Why am I not surprised by the question that we spoke about a couple of months ago, when I was one of was last time. Things have gone from bad to worse. Um, and let's just step back for a second, because there's so much day to day volatility, this announcement, that release, etc., etc. most recently all this stuff over the weekend.
把你扔进火里看看,让我们瞧瞧你有什么本事。现在的焦点是,你们这些在退休计划以及富达其他产品中持有这类资产的投资者和观众正在遭受重创。面对秋季,他们应该采取什么行动?我对这个问题并不感到惊讶,几个月前我们讨论过,当时我是……上次的情况。事态已从坏变得更糟。嗯,让我们先退一步,因为日常波动太大,这项公告、这份发布等等,最近所有这些周末发生的事情。
I mean, Tom Paul, think about this. You have a commodity that's deflating at like record speed with debt that's being built up at record speed. Like what could possibly go wrong? Okay. So every day, you know, every week is another mile that comes out. And then the Chinese could do it for 95% off. And now there's noises about, you know, Trump maybe he's going to ban Chinese AI or whatever. Um, as we said last time, uh, I think this is, uh, going to be the biggest misallocation of capital in history.
我的意思是,汤姆·保罗,想想看。你有一种商品正在以创纪录的速度贬值,而债务也在以创纪录的速度累积。还能出什么乱子呢?好吧。所以每一天,你知道吗?每周都有新的消息传出。然后中国人可以打95折出售。现在有关于特朗普可能会禁止中国AI或其他什么的传闻。正如我们上次所说,我认为这将是历史上最大的资本错配。
Wow. And when people say, is it worse than.com? Not as bad as.com. History rhymes. It doesn't repeat. I read something interesting the other day. Not original thought, but I thought this fellow put up brilliantly. He said, you know this. I think it's kind of reminds him. It's kind of like if you if you took.com and merged it with the great financial crisis, ie all the Ponzi finance schemes of housing, it's kind of what you got.
哇哦。当人们问,这比互联网泡沫更糟吗?没那么糟。历史押韵,但不重复。前几天我读到一些有趣的东西。不是原创想法,但我认为这位朋友阐述得非常精彩。他说,你知道的,我觉得这有点像……如果你把互联网泡沫和次贷危机合并起来,也就是所有房地产庞氏融资方案,大概就是你得到的结果。
Oh, boy. So what aren't you buying here? I guess in terms of the concept of I won. I mean, I think we're all kind of in the same boat. We're trying to every day learn a little bit more what this means, what it actually is. To me, it just feels like what we're talking about five years ago, which is big data and it's just another term. But I'm being told, no, no, no, this is a new way of computing. This is a new way of processing information.
天哪。那么你不买什么呢?我想从概念上来说,我赢了。我的意思是,我觉得我们都处在同一条船上。我们每天都在努力更多地了解这意味着什么,它到底是什么。对我来说,感觉就像五年前我们谈论的那样,即大数据,这只是一个术语。但有人告诉我,不,不,不,这是一种新的计算方式。这是一种处理信息的新方式。
And it requires a tremendous amount of computing power, which requires a tremendous amount of capital. And that's kind of what you got to get your head around. You're not buying it? No. Um, we all use AI. I use AI. Yeah. People savagely attacked me on Substack and X because. Oh, you used it all right. Yeah, I like it. Okay. Does that mean it's a good investment? It's like, you know, people always just talk about, you know, difference between a product and the stock, right?
这需要巨大的算力,而算力需要巨额资本。你得先理解这一点。你不买吗?不买。嗯,我们都用AI。我用AI。是的。我在Substack和X上被猛烈抨击,因为……哦,你确实用了。是的,我喜欢它。好吧。那这是否意味着它是好的投资?就像人们总是谈论产品和股票之间的区别一样,对吧?
The question is, is I if you if you do reverse engineer the math and you and you look at the trillions of spending on CapEx and just reverse engineer and say, okay, how much of gross profits they need to make to justify that. And in turn, what are the implied revenues that you need to justify that liars figure? The figures don't lie. And so the question is, is there going to be an acceptable return on capital? All these trillions of dollars are being spent?
问题是,如果你逆向推导数学模型,审视数万亿美元的资本支出(CapEx),并反向推算他们需要产生多少毛利才能证明这些支出的合理性。进而,你需要多少隐含收入来支撑那个数字?数据不会说谎。所以问题在于,是否存在可接受的资本回报率?所有这些万亿美元都被花掉了?
Or is this just going to be, you know, $100 billion Tam and you're going to answer commodity business and there's going to be no margins. That's the issue. One last point I want to say on this, Peter Bear is a bank credit analyst, made a really good observation a couple of months ago. Like any 2.com. He said, you know, the folks in 99 who were all bullish on the internet, there were, right, internet traffic went up like 43% compared to next 25 years.
或者这只是一个价值1000亿美元的市场(TAM),你会将其归类为大宗商品业务,从而没有利润空间?这就是问题所在。关于这一点我想补充最后一点:Peter Bear是一位银行信贷分析师,几个月前他做出了一个非常精彩的观察。他说,就像任何一家科技公司一样,那些在99%的时候对互联网持乐观态度的人,他们是对的,互联网流量在接下来的25年里增长了43%。
It went up by 25,000,000%. Didn't stop Nortel from going bankrupt and Global Crossing and going bankrupt. These are two different things. A George Noble where this focus, uh, hugely visible. And so you can't say enough about his careful writings on Twitter, on LinkedIn as well, of course. Definitive forever and Fidelity International. I love how Justin Bieber treated you in the book. I mean, I read the book cover to cover.
它增长了25,000,000%。但这并没有阻止Nortel破产,也没有阻止Global Crossing破产。这是两回事。George Noble对此有深入的关注,他的观点极具可见性。因此,无论怎么称赞他在Twitter和LinkedIn上谨慎的写作都不为过。Definitive Forever和Fidelity International。我喜欢Justin Bieber在书中对你的描写。我是从头到尾读完这本书的。
Just enjoyed it. They kept like overs out of it, You know, I went through I did an index search for lock overs just to see how many people were in it. Thank God they kept that there in the Boston Racquet Club. They kept they kept out of it. What's different now in the racket is is it easier not to lose money now because of the cacophony we're living in terms of the nation? Is it is it easier not to lose money? Um, I actually think it's easier to lose money.
我只是很享受它。他们把锁定期(lock-ups)排除了在外。你知道,我做了索引搜索,看看有多少人涉及锁定期。感谢上帝,他们在波士顿网球俱乐部(Boston Racquet Club)把它们排除在外了。现在的情况有什么不同?在我们所处的喧嚣环境中,不亏钱是否更容易?真的更容易不亏钱吗?嗯,我认为实际上更容易亏钱。
And the reason is in, um, breaking this here. Breaking? Um, we've heard, you know, the term fiscal dominance has made the rounds the last couple of years. If I hear that term one more time, I'm going to put my fist through the wall. I'm coming out with a new phrase. It's called narrative dominance. Narrative dominance. In other words, I love that. Okay. It's it's do you remember the book Alan Keyes wrote a couple years ago, four years ago, the post-truth society.
原因就在于此,嗯,打破这里的现状。打破?嗯,过去几年我们听过“财政主导”(fiscal dominance)这个词被反复提及。如果我再听到一次这个词,我就要一拳打穿墙壁了。我要提出一个新短语,叫做“叙事主导”(narrative dominance)。叙事主导。换句话说,我喜欢这个说法。好吧。你还记得艾伦·凯斯(Alan Keyes)几年前写的书吗?四年前那本《后真相社会》(the post-truth society)。”
We're in a post-truth stock market. It doesn't matter what reality is, right? They're trying to tell you this is what you should believe. And we're going to put enough liquidity. Spiked the drinks enough. So what are you complaining about? Time. You're looking at these numbers and everything. Can you parse between Meg seven or you treat them all the same? There are a little bit different, but. So, for instance, uh, no surprise, we've talked about this before.
我们身处一个后真相的股市。现实是什么并不重要,对吧?他们试图告诉你你应该相信什么。而且我们会注入足够的流动性。把饮料下毒下得够多了。那你还在抱怨什么?时间。你看着这些数字和一切。你能区分出梅格七号(Meg seven)还是把它们都一视同仁?它们略有不同,但……所以,例如,不出所料,我们之前讨论过这个问题。”
The electric car company shall Not be named uniquely stands out for being extraordinarily unattractive. All right. Um, I've never seen a short at such scale 1,000,000,000,005. And then with its cousin space, which we spoke about last time as well. Um, space X is not Mach seven, but those are just unbelievable company. They're just atrocious. And then at the other extreme, you have, you know, Google. Fine. Uh, and then everything in between.
这家电动汽车公司暂且不予具名,其异常缺乏吸引力显得尤为突出。好吧。嗯,我从未见过如此规模的做空,高达1,000,000,000,005。然后还有它的表亲SpaceX,我们上次也聊到过。嗯,SpaceX不是梅格七号(Mach seven),但这些公司简直难以置信。它们简直糟透了。而在另一个极端,你有谷歌(Google)。好吧。嗯,以及介于两者之间的一切。”
So again, it's a market of stocks. Know what you own Peter Lynch, please call your office. So how concerned are you about the overall economy if because so much of economic growth underlying economic growth is I related you pull that out. Uh, what does that mean? Again, the economy is not the market, the markets, not the economy. I am concerned. My call has not been for recession or has been for rotation, not recession.
所以再说一遍,这是一个股票的市场。了解你持有什么,彼得·林奇(Peter Lynch),请给你的办公室打个电话。你对整体经济的担忧程度如何,因为经济背后的增长很大程度上与I相关,如果你把它剔除出去。嗯,这意味着什么?再说一遍,经济不是市场,市场也不是经济。我是担心的。我的观点一直不是衰退,而是轮动,而非衰退。”
However, um, as we've been discussing, you know, this, this, this Ponzi finance circular financing with, with with uh, it's underwriting. I, uh, when the market says no mas and you start looking at the CDs on Oracle or, you know, whatever, uh, in the markets is game over. To your point, you're asking the right question. And I think we're looking at, you know, I'm focusing the market not on the economy so much, but when you're spending trillions of dollars and running a deficit of 7% of GDP, like, how are you going to get a recession?
然而,嗯,正如我们所讨论的,你知道,这种庞氏融资、循环融资,嗯,它的承销。嗯,当市场说“不再继续”(no mas),而你开始查看甲骨文(Oracle)的CDs或其他东西时,嗯,在市场上游戏就结束了。正如你所说,你问了一个正确的问题。我认为我们在看,嗯,我将焦点放在市场上而不是经济上,但是当你花费数万亿美元并出现占GDP 7%的赤字时,比如,你怎么会避免衰退呢?”
All right. Problem is, you're looking at a global increasing cost of capital and a nominal GDP or character of it. Maybe we've never seen before. So you mentioned CDs, credit default swap. And you know, there's a debate folks, about its efficacy in that the blunt instrument is I'm looking on the screen at the yield space. Is price down. Yield up. How does that play out. Is it play out. We're like in August of 1998. It just breaks or because of leverage or whatever?
好的。问题是,你看到的是全球资本成本的上升以及名义GDP或其特征,这可能是我们前所未见的。所以你提到了CDs(定期存款)、信用违约互换(CDS)。大家对于其有效性存在争议,而一个粗略的观察是我在屏幕上看到收益率空间的情况:价格下跌,收益率上升。这将会如何演变?是像1998年8月那样直接崩盘,还是因为杠杆或其他原因导致的?”
Or do you see it as just sort of ebbing into something? Well, what's what's really interesting here? Much has been said about the passive bit in indexation, and much has been said about the huge deficit spending. And so if you think about past cycles, Tom, what will bring on the contraction is if stocks go down. Corporate managers cut back. And that gives you the economic impulse to have a slowdown if not recession with stock prices though continuing to stay up there
或者你认为它只是逐渐消退成某种状态?嗯,这里真正有趣的是,关于指数化中的被动投资部分已经有很多讨论,关于巨额赤字支出也有很多讨论。所以如果你回顾过去的周期,汤姆,引发收缩的因素将是股票下跌。企业经理人会削减开支。如果股价继续维持高位,这将给经济带来放缓甚至衰退的动力。”
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