AMD BC-250：PS5降级APU改造为60美元游戏PC的硬核教程
AMD BC-250：60美元游戏PC硬件评测
把废弃矿卡改造成游戏主机的硬核实操指南，包含BIOS刷写、散热改装和Linux配置细节，极客玩家和硬件爱好者必看。
Ok it’s not exactly $60 but you can get the board itself for that amount of money on eBay if you’re lucky, but on average the price is around $70-$100 (as of November 2025) which is still very cheap considering you can play Cyberpunk 2077 on this.
好吧，它确实不是正好 60 美元，但如果你运气好的话，在 eBay 上可以用这个价格买到主板本身，不过平均价格在 70-100 美元左右（截至 2025 年 11 月），考虑到你能在这上面玩《赛博朋克 2077》，这仍然非常便宜。
What is this?
这是什么？
The BC-250 began life not as a gaming board, but as part of a crypto-mining rig.
BC-250 最初并非作为游戏主板诞生，而是作为加密货币挖矿机的一部分。
The “trick” behind it: the BC-250 uses a cut-down version of the APU from a PlayStation 5 (PS5) — a repurposed SoC (system-on-chip).
背后的“窍门”：BC-250 使用了来自 PlayStation 5 (PS5) 的 APU 的缩减版——一种重新利用的系统级芯片 (SoC)。
Specifically: many PS5 APUs that didn’t meet console spec (“binned” or “defective” for console use) got repurposed. Instead of being discarded, these chips were re-used for mining/higher-density hardware.
具体来说：许多未达到主机规格要求的 PS5 APU（因“分级”或“缺陷”而不能用于主机）被重新利用。这些芯片没有被丢弃，而是被重新用于挖矿/高密度硬件。
The original deployment: there was a rack-mount mining “server” build from ASRock that used 12 BC-250 cards, targeted at miners — sold as a “barebone” 4U server chassis.
最初的部署：华擎 (ASRock) 曾推出过一款机架式挖矿“服务器”方案，使用 12 张 BC-250 卡，面向矿工销售，以“准系统”形式提供 4U 服务器机箱。
As mainstream GPU mining lost favor, many BC-250 units started circulating second-hand — offering hardware enthusiasts an opportunity to experiment.
随着主流 GPU 挖矿热度下降，许多 BC-250 单元开始流入二手市场——为硬件爱好者提供了实验的机会。
“BC-250 is basically a Playstation 5 chip that didn’t make the cut, and was released as a crypto-mining board.”
“BC-250 基本上是一个未能通过筛选的 PlayStation 5 芯片，被发布为加密货币挖矿板。”
Key Specs & Hardware Details
关键规格与硬件详情
From public teardowns, benchmarks, and community experiments, BC-250 hardware specs are roughly:
根据公开的拆解、基准测试和社区实验，BC-250 的硬件规格大致如下：
- CPU: 6 × Zen 2 cores (12 threads) — a cut-down PS5 APU.
- GPU / iGPU: RDNA 2 architecture, 24 Compute Units (CUs) — reduced from the 36 CUs of a full PS5 APU.
- Memory: 16 GB GDDR6 memory shared between CPU and GPU — there are no DDR4/DDR5 slots in a typical BC-250 board.
- I/O & connectivity: Even though it looks like a “GPU card,” it works as a single-board PC — includes DisplayPort, USB (2.0/3.0), Ethernet, M.2 NVMe slot (for storage), power header (8-pin PCIe), CMOS battery, and backplate I/O shield.
- CPU：6 个 Zen 2 核心（12 个线程）——这是 PS5 APU 的缩减版。
- GPU / iGPU：RDNA 2 架构，24 个计算单元 (CUs) ——相比完整 PS5 APU 的 36 个 CUs 有所减少。
- 内存：16 GB GDDR6 内存由 CPU 和 GPU 共享——典型的 BC-250 主板上没有 DDR4/DDR5 插槽。
- I/O 与连接性：尽管它看起来像一张“显卡”，但它实际上是一台单板计算机——包括 DisplayPort、USB (2.0/3.0)、以太网、M.2 NVMe 插槽（用于存储）、电源接口（8-pin PCIe）、CMOS 电池以及背板 I/O 挡板。
Performance benchmarks & real-world behavior
性能基准测试与实际表现
- Earlier reports suggested some instability with drivers, but recent community patches and updated drivers have improved support.
- Community tests showed surprising results: e.g. one test rig running BC-250 reportedly ran games like Cyberpunk 2077, GTA V, Counter-Strike 2, Hitman 3 — at playable framerates (not high-end, but enough for a budget build).
- Given enough power (cooling + PSUs) and tuning (BIOS tweaks, Linux driver config), some people report a gaming experience “close to an entry-level modern GPU.”
- 早期的报告指出驱动程序存在一些不稳定性，但最近的社区补丁和更新的驱动程序已改善了支持情况。
- 社区测试显示了令人惊讶的结果：例如，据报道一台运行 BC-250 的测试平台能够以可玩的帧率运行《赛博朋克 2077》、《GTA V》、《反恐精英 2》、《杀手 3》等游戏（虽非高端水平，但对于预算型组装来说已经足够）。
- 在提供足够的电力（散热 + 电源）并进行调整（BIOS 修改、Linux 驱动配置）的情况下，有些人报告称其游戏体验“接近入门级现代显卡”。
Here’s my real life Cyberpunk 2077 Benchmark:
这是我的《赛博朋克 2077》实际基准测试结果：
How can you achieve this?
如何实现这一点？
You have to get your hands dirty to achieve this — it’s not an out-of-the-box setup. You’ll need to perform both hardware and firmware modifications. Additionally, if you want it to look like the image above, that requires even more work.
要实现这一点，你必须亲自动手——这不是开箱即用的设置。你需要进行硬件和固件修改。此外，如果你希望它看起来像上面的图片，那就需要更多的工作。
Cooling
散热
The BC-250 comes with a server-style closed finstack. It’s possible to use a blower fan to cool it, and there are even 3D-printed case designs that keep the original heatsink untouched (you’ll find these in my how-to repo linked below).
BC-250 配备了一种服务器风格的封闭式鳍片堆栈。可以使用涡轮风扇对其进行冷却，甚至还有 3D 打印的外壳设计，可以保持原始散热器不受影响（你可以在下面链接的教程仓库中找到这些设计）。
However, for good cooling performance, you’ll need to modify the finstack and open it up. This allows you to use one or two 120 mm fans for proper airflow. Be aware that this is a destructive modification — I’ve explained one method for doing it in the how-to repository.
然而，为了获得良好的散热性能，你需要修改鳍片堆栈并将其打开。这样你就可以使用一个或两个 120 毫米风扇来实现适当的气流。请注意，这是一种破坏性修改——我在教程仓库中解释了一种执行此操作的方法。
Additionally, I refreshed the thermal pads and thermal paste for optimal cooling performance.
此外，我更换了导热垫和导热膏，以实现最佳的散热性能。
The unified memory
统一内存
The BC-250 has 16 GB of unified memory, but by default it’s split between the CPU and GPU—typically 8 GB/8 GB (or in some cases 4 GB/12 GB). To use the device for gaming, you need to modify this and force a 512 MB allocation as VRAM. This may sound counterintuitive, but remember that this is an APU, not a traditional CPU/GPU setup.
BC-250 拥有 16 GB 的统一内存，但默认情况下它在 CPU 和 GPU 之间分配——通常是 8 GB/8 GB（在某些情况下是 4 GB/12 GB）。要将该设备用于游戏，你需要修改这一设置并强制分配 512 MB 作为显存（VRAM）。这听起来可能违反直觉，但请记住，这是一颗 APU，而不是传统的 CPU/GPU 设置。
To change these settings, the BIOS must be flashed to a custom 3.00 BIOS version that unlocks the Chipset configuration menu. This used to require an EEPROM programmer—at least according to documentation from about a year ago. Fortunately, there is now a bootable BIOS Flasher image that can handle the job much more easily.
要更改这些设置，必须将 BIOS 刷入自定义的 3.00 版本，以解锁芯片组配置菜单。根据大约一年前的文档，这过去需要使用 EEPROM 编程器。幸运的是，现在有一个可引导的 BIOS 刷写镜像，可以更轻松地处理这项工作。
OS
操作系统
You can install Windows, but because this isn’t typical hardware, you won’t have proper graphics drivers. Most users run Arch-based Linux distributions instead. I went with Manjaro Linux, which works flawlessly. The Linux version of Steam works out of the box.
你可以安装 Windows，但由于这不是典型的硬件，你将无法获得正确的显卡驱动程序。大多数用户转而运行基于 Arch 的 Linux 发行版。我选择了 Manjaro Linux，它运行完美。Linux 版本的 Steam 开箱即用。
Case
机箱
You can find multiple designs online. I looked for compact cases that also enclose the PSU. I’ve built two versions: one is an ultra-portable format, and the other is more like a mini-PC.
你可以在网上找到多种设计。我寻找的是既能容纳电源供应器（PSU）又紧凑的机箱。我制作了两个版本：一个是超便携格式，另一个更像是一台迷你 PC。
This requires 3D printing and some DIY with the PSU.
这需要 3D 打印和一些 DIY 处理电源供应器。
Do you want a complete guide how to do all of this? In this repository I’ve collected everything you need
你想要一份关于如何完成所有这些操作的完整指南吗？在这个仓库中，我收集了你所需的一切
https://github.com/csabakecskemeti/amd_bc-250_how-to
https://github.com/csabakecskemeti/amd_bc-250_how-to
更进一步：量化金融体系
看懂新闻只是起点——沿量化金融路径，把它变成能交付的工程能力