比特币量子危机：加密安全与迁移方案深度解析
The Quantum Issue: Letter From The Editor
Bitcoin Magazine
比特币杂志
The Quantum Issue: Letter From The Editor
量子特刊：主编来信
Quantum this, quantum that…who put a stupid cat on-chain!?
又是量子，还是量子……谁把一只蠢猫上了链！？
Ahem.
咳咳。
Alright, let’s be serious. The threat that a viable, actually functioning, quantum computer would pose to Bitcoin if it were to be built is very serious. It is the concrete example of an existential threat, in every sense of the word.
好了，让我们严肃起来。如果一台可行且真正能运行的量子计算机被制造出来，它对比特币构成的威胁是非常严重的。它在每一个意义上都是生存威胁的具体例证。
One of the bedrock foundations that Bitcoin rests upon is the assumption of a functioning cryptographic system that can be used to produce unforgeable signatures, i.e. that if you follow that system’s protocol properly when signing things, there is no way that anyone but a bitcoin’s rightful owner could produce a signature needed to spend it unless the rightful owner failed to secure their private key from theft.
比特币赖以生存的基石之一，是假设存在一个功能正常的密码系统，可用于生成不可伪造的签名。也就是说，如果你在签名时正确遵循该系统的协议，除非合法所有者未能保护其私钥免受盗窃，否则除了比特币的合法所有者之外，任何人都无法生成花费比特币所需的签名。
Quantum computers toss that right out the window. There goes the integrity of the entire mechanism that is used for owners of bitcoin to authenticate their ownership for the protocol to process their legitimately authorized transactions, and ONLY their legitimately authorized transactions. There’s no way for anyone to actually own anything in the context of the Bitcoin protocol if that assumption breaks.
量子计算机会将这一切抛诸脑后。用于比特币所有者向协议验证其所有权、从而处理其合法授权交易（且仅限此类交易）的整个机制的完整性将不复存在。如果这一假设崩溃，那么在比特币协议的语境下，任何人都无法真正拥有任何东西。
Bitcoin breaks if that assumption breaks.
如果这一假设崩溃，比特币就会崩溃。
Thankfully, there are many different cryptographic systems that exist, and not all of them rest on assumptions that a quantum computer breaks. That’s the good news. The bad news is that its all a set of tradeoffs, none of them are ideal, and there are going to be some hard choices that have to be made.
幸运的是，存在许多不同的密码系统，并非所有系统都建立在量子计算机会破坏的假设之上。这是好消息。坏消息是，这都是一系列权衡取舍，没有哪一个是理想的，而且必须做出一些艰难的选择。
But there are solutions to just about every one of the problems that a viable quantum computer would create…except the problem of choosing which solutions to use. So in light of that, here is The Quantum Issue.
但对于可行量子计算机会带来的几乎所有问题都有解决方案……除了选择使用哪种方案的问题。鉴于此，这就是《量子特刊》。
This issue is a lot more structured than most past issues, and that is to ensure that it guides a reader through the entirety of the problem space and solution space without assuming any prior understanding (this is a very deep and technical subject).
本期内容的结构比大多数往期更为严谨，旨在引导读者全面了解问题空间与解决方案空间，而不预设任何先验知识（这是一个非常深奥且技术性的主题）。
The first set of articles goes through the general issue of quantum computing itself, how it differs from classical computing, why that matters, how likely it is one is developed soon, etc.
第一组文章探讨了量子计算本身的一般性问题，它如何不同于经典计算，为何这一点很重要，以及它近期被开发出来的可能性等。
The second set examines Bitcoin’s exposure. How is it exposed? How badly is it exposed? How can that degree of exposure change?
第二组文章考察了比特币的暴露情况。它是如何暴露的？暴露程度有多严重？这种暴露程度会发生怎样的变化？
The third set examines concrete (or developed enough to not be too hard to get to a concrete place) solutions to securing your bitcoin in a quantum safe way, and handling a network wide migration to those solutions.
第三组探讨了确保你的比特币以量子安全方式得到保护的具体（或已发展到足以找到具体解决方案）方案，以及处理向这些方案的全网迁移。
Don’t miss your chance to own The Quantum Issue — featuring articles written by many influential figures in the space working on the necessary pieces for a post-quantum Bitcoin!
不要错过拥有《量子特刊》的机会——该期收录了多位在该领域具有影响力的人物撰写的文章，他们正在为后量子时代的比特币构建必要的组成部分！
This piece is the Letter from the Editor featured in the latest Print edition of Bitcoin Magazine, The Quantum Issue. We’re sharing it here as an early look at the ideas explored throughout the full issue.
本文是《比特币杂志》最新印刷版《量子特刊》中的编辑寄语。我们在此分享它，作为对整期杂志所探讨思想的早期预览。
This post The Quantum Issue: Letter From The Editor first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Shinobi.
本文《量子特刊：编辑寄语》最初发表于 Bitcoin Magazine，由 Shinobi 撰写。
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