分析师:委内瑞拉油补美国战略储备纯属幻想
Venezuelan Oil Replenishing US SPR a ‘Pure Fantasy,’ Says Stephen Schork
提供了关于SPR补充可行性及馏分油库存风险的硬核逻辑与数据,对大宗商品交易员评估能源供应链缺口有直接参考价值。
Stephen Schork of the Schork Group writing the following. Washington is treating Venezuela's enormous reserves as though they are immediately available barrels. They are not. Stephen joins us now for more. Stephen, do you remember that song? What is it good for? Absolutely nothing. Absolutely nothing. Absolutely. So some of the Pollyanna's takes on the Venezuelan oil there as if we just stumbled upon 65,000,000,000 barrels of oil sitting out of tank, out of dock, with a loading arm, ready to get into a empty tanker.
Schork Group的Stephen Schork撰写了以下内容。华盛顿将委内瑞拉巨大的石油储量视为可以立即开采的原油桶。事实并非如此。现在请Stephen加入我们的讨论,带来更多分析。Stephen,你还记得那首歌吗?它有什么用?绝对没用。绝对没用。确实如此。所以有些人对委内瑞拉石油持过于乐观的态度,仿佛我们刚刚发现了650亿桶闲置在储罐外、码头外、配有装油臂、随时可以装入空油轮的石油。
That's not going to happen. What we have here is a situation of decades of the Bolivarian revolution introduced by Hugo Chavez in the early two thousands that has absolutely decimated the Venezuelan oil industry by, as New Yorkers like to say, the warmth of collectivism. So it took twenty five years to destroy a once vibrant industry in Venezuela. It is going to take more than just a couple of years to get it stable and to get it to be a significant player on the global market.
这种情况不会发生。我们面临的是自21世纪初乌戈·查韦斯发起玻利瓦尔革命以来,数十年间通过所谓“集体主义的热情”彻底摧毁委内瑞拉石油工业的局面。因此,摧毁一个曾经充满活力的行业用了二十五年。而要使其稳定并成为全球市场的重要参与者,所需时间将远不止几年。
We're talking at a minimum five years, if not ten years, before Venezuela oil makes a significant impact on the global oil market. Stephen, it's one thing for Chevron to get a deal, as we saw this morning for developing oil fields in Venezuela. Do you understand this deal that president Trump struck with Venezuela to take ownership as a nation of some of the oil fields in Venezuela to potentially help plug the SPR? Do you understand any of the logistics behind that?
我们说的是至少五年,甚至十年之后,委内瑞拉石油才会对全球石油市场产生重大影响。Stephen,雪佛龙达成协议开发委内瑞拉油田是另一回事,就像我们今天早上看到的那样。你了解特朗普总统与委内瑞拉达成的协议吗?该协议旨在让委内瑞拉以国家身份拥有部分油田的所有权,从而可能有助于补充战略石油储备(SPR)。你了解这背后的任何物流细节吗?
Well, the the the notion that we are gonna use Venezuela oil to plug the SPR is pure fantasy. From a technological standpoint, from an engineering standpoint, can it happen? Yes. Realistically, is it going to happen? Absolutely not. Venezuelan oil is the highest viscous, heaviest, densest oil in the world. The SVR logistically cannot handle that oil. So what you would have to do is what they do. They cut the oil, the Venezuelan, with a diluent to make it viscous, to get it to be able to move actually through a pipe, and then they upgrade it.
嗯,使用委内瑞拉石油来补充战略石油储备(SPR)的想法纯属幻想。从技术角度看,从工程角度看,这可行吗?是的。但现实情况是,这会发生吗?绝对不会。委内瑞拉石油是世界上粘度最高、最重、密度最大的石油。SVR(战略石油储备系统)在物流上无法处理这种石油。因此,必须采取的措施是:他们通过将委内瑞拉石油与稀释剂混合来降低其粘度,使其能够通过管道流动,然后再进行升级处理。
The SPR is a storage facility. They don't have the hydro treaters. They don't have any of the equipment to upgrade the Venezuelan oil. So first, it would have to go to a refinery. They would have to upgrade it, then it would have to go into the SPR. Again, logistically, is it possible? Yes. Realistically, economically, will it happen? Absolutely not. So the notion that we're gonna use Venezuelan oil to replenish the SPR is pure fantasy.
战略石油储备(SPR)是一个储存设施。他们没有加氢处理装置,也没有任何用于升级委内瑞拉石油的设备。因此,首先必须将其送往炼油厂。必须先对其进行升级,然后才能存入SPR。再次强调,从物流角度看,这是可能的吗?是的。但从现实和经济角度看,这会发生吗?绝对不会。因此,使用委内瑞拉石油来补充战略石油储备的说法纯属幻想。
It will not happen. Stephen, how much more time do we have before the SPR is actually completely emptied, at least the viable oil that we can extract? Yeah. Absolutely. So at the current rate, the annualized rate, which we're falling by, and I'm using the midterms, November as a benchmark, will be down to about 245,000,000 barrels, which is a fraction of the 700,000,000 barrels of its of its capacity. Now, of course, the previous administration drew down barrels, and now this administration has accelerated that.
这不会发生。Stephen,在战略石油储备(SPR)实际上被完全抽空之前,我们还有多少时间?至少是指我们可以提取的可采原油。是的。绝对如此。所以按照当前的速率,也就是年化速率,而且这个速率正在下降,我以11月的中期选举作为基准,将降至约2.45亿桶,这仅占其7亿桶容量的一小部分。当然,上一届政府已经消耗了部分储量,而本届政府则加速了这一进程。
So at our current rate, at some point in the New Year, we're gonna be at a level that look. We're already at a level that we only have about fourteen weeks worth of import cover left in the SPR. At the start of the war, we had thirty weeks. So we've halved our import cover of the SPR since March. So by certainly by the second quarter of next year when demand kicks in going into summer, we are gonna be at significantly dangerous levels with the remaining barrels sitting left in the SVR.
所以按照我们目前的速率,在新年的某个时候,我们将处于这样一个水平:我们只剩下大约十四周的进口覆盖量。在战争开始时,我们有三十周。所以自三月以来,我们的SPR进口覆盖量已经减半。因此,到明年第二季度,当需求随着夏季的到来而上升时,由于SVR中剩余的桶数,我们将处于非常危险的境地。
Stephen, just how vulnerable are we going against hurricane season on the refining side? Now the refining side, that and that's the crux end. So commercial we're talking about the SVR. These are government owned. We all own the SPR barrels. The commercial stocks of crude oil in The United States are actually in good shape. What is not in good shape are diesel, gasoline, jet fuel prime inventories. Those are at lows, and and the concern the overarching concern in the market right now is the situation in distillate.
Stephen,我们在炼油方面对抗飓风季节的脆弱程度如何?现在,炼油方面,这就是核心所在。所以我们谈论的是商业库存,即SVR。这些是政府拥有的。我们都拥有SPR的桶数。美国的商业原油库存状况实际上良好。状况不佳的是柴油、汽油和航空煤油的主要库存。这些处于低位,目前市场上 overarching 的担忧在于馏分油的情况。
And this all stems from the war, but not the war you're thinking about. This is the war between Ukraine and Russia that has decimated Russian refinery capacity and has decimated the European distillate market. So The United States refiners were doing everything they can at max capacity to get oil, jet fuel, gasoline onto the market. They are now the marginal supplier of distillate fuels going into Europe at this point.
这一切都源于战争,但不是你所想的那场战争。这是乌克兰与俄罗斯之间的战争,它摧毁了俄罗斯的炼油能力,并严重破坏了欧洲的馏分油市场。因此,美国炼油厂正竭尽全力以最大产能将石油、航空煤油和汽油推向市场。他们现在是进入欧洲市场的馏分油燃料的边际供应商。
Now we're in the summer. Demand for distillate is at its weakest, and inventories should be building. They're not. Inventories, in fact, right now in The United States are at the lowest point for the season ever, and we're at the weakest demand part. So as we go into fall and as intermodal demand picks up, as agricultural demand picks up, as heating demand picks up for distillates, we're looking at an extremely dangerous situation.
现在我们正处于夏季。馏分油的需求最弱,库存本应增加。但它们并没有。事实上,目前美国的库存处于该季节历史最低点,而我们正处于需求最弱的时期。所以随着秋季的到来,以及多式联运需求、农业需求和馏分油取暖需求的回升,我们面临着极其危险的局势。
Dissolate prices are now at the third highest level in the futures that they've ever been. They were hired twice during in 2022 when inflation was running rampant. But, certainly, we are on a course where inventories are extremely low at a point of the season where demand is out of its weakness. Now you just move that along along the number line here. A couple months, when demand begins to pick up, inventories are at a very dire situation for us here in The United States and especially for our European trading partners.
目前,Dissolate 的价格处于其期货历史上的第三高位。在2022年通胀肆虐期间,他们曾两次被雇佣。但毫无疑问,我们正处在一个库存极低、而需求却走出疲态的季节节点上。现在你只需沿着这条数线向前推移几个月,当需求开始回升时,对于我们美国以及我们的欧洲贸易伙伴来说,库存状况将变得极其严峻。
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