微软威斯康星AI数据中心采用闭环液冷，年用水量仅相当于一家餐厅
Satya Nadella: Microsoft’s latest Wisconsin AI data center keeps yearly water co…
Satya Nadella: Microsoft’s latest Wisconsin AI data center keeps yearly water consumption no higher than that of 1 local restaurant.
萨提亚·纳德拉：微软最新的威斯康星州 AI 数据中心将年用水量控制在不超过 1 家当地餐厅的水平。
"The cooling loop is filled once and the data centre can operate effectively with zero water consumption. Daily water usage across a year is roughly equivalent to what a single restaurant would use"
"冷却回路只需注水一次，数据中心即可在零耗水的情况下有效运行。全年的日均用水量大致相当于一家餐厅的用量"
The mechanism is mainly about replacing evaporative cooling with closed-loop direct-to-chip liquid cooling, so water moves like coolant inside a sealed machine rather than being boiled off into the air.
该机制主要涉及用闭环直接到芯片液冷取代蒸发冷却，使水像密封机器内的冷却剂一样循环流动，而不是被蒸发到空气中。
Hot GB200-class AI racks produce too much heat for normal air cooling, so cold liquid is pushed through pipes into the servers and across metal cold plates touching the hottest chips.
产生大量热量的 GB200 级 AI 机架产生的热量过多，无法通过普通风冷散热，因此会将冷液体通过管道推入服务器，流经与最热芯片接触的金属冷板。
The liquid enters the rack cool, absorbs heat from the chips through cold plates, then exits the rack at a higher temperature and carries that heat through pipes to a huge cooling system outside the compute floor.
液体以低温状态进入机架，通过冷板吸收芯片的热量，然后以较高温度离开机架，并通过管道将热量携带至计算层外部的巨大冷却系统。
Microsoft says Fairwater sends that hot water to cooling “fins” beside the datacenter, where 172 20-foot fans blow air across the fins and dump the heat into the outside air.
微软表示，Fairwater 将该热水送至数据中心旁的冷却"翅片"处，172 台 20 英尺长的风扇将空气吹过翅片，将热量排放到外部空气中。
The important detail is that the air cools the water through metal surfaces, so the water does not need to evaporate the way many older datacenters use cooling towers.
关键细节在于，空气通过金属表面冷却水，因此水不需要像许多旧数据中心使用冷却塔那样蒸发。
The cooled liquid then returns to the servers, repeats the loop, and keeps absorbing heat from the chips.
冷却后的液体随后返回服务器，重复循环，并继续从芯片中吸收热量。
In older data centers, heat is often removed partly through cooling towers. Hot water meets moving air, some water evaporates, and that phase change carries heat away. Effective, but it consumes fresh water continuously.
在较旧的数据中心，热量通常部分通过冷却塔移除。热水与流动的空气相遇，部分水蒸发，这种相变过程带走热量。这种方法虽然有效，但会持续消耗新鲜水。
But Firwater is a closed loop because the same coolant keeps circulating through sealed pipes: it absorbs heat from the chips, releases that heat through radiator-like fins, then flows back to the chips again.
但 Firwater 是一个闭环系统，因为相同的冷却剂在密封管道中不断循环：它从芯片吸收热量，通过类似散热器的翅片释放热量，然后再次流回芯片。
For Wisconsin Fairwater, Microsoft says more than 90% of the facility uses closed-loop liquid cooling, while the remaining portion uses outside air and switches to water only on the hottest days.
对于威斯康星州的 Fairwater 项目，微软表示超过 90% 的设施采用闭环液冷，其余部分使用外部空气，仅在天气最炎热时切换为水冷。
From "Microsoft" YouTube channel, (link in comment)
来自 "Microsoft" YouTube 频道，（链接见评论）
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