德国拟取消加密12个月免税期并强化税务透明
Germany Is Coming For YOUR Bitcoin.
德国加密税收政策与监管框架的重大潜在变动,直接影响持仓成本与合规预期,建议加密投资者密切关注立法进展及税务影响。
Saxony, Germany, June 2024. 49,858 Bitcoin seized by the German government from a criminal network dumped onto the open market inside 3 weeks at an average of 52,000 euros a [music] coin. Total proceeds about 2.6 billion euros. Prosecutors said they had no choice, that volatile assets have to be liquidated. And in fairness, that was Bitcoin taken from criminals, and you could argue the state was just doing its job. But what's coming next isn't a bit criminals at all.
德国萨克森州,2024年6月。德国政府从一个犯罪网络手中查获的49,858枚比特币在3周内以平均每枚52,000欧元的价格被抛售到公开市场。总收益约26亿欧元。检察官表示他们别无选择,因为波动性资产必须清算。公平地说,这些是从罪犯那里没收的比特币,你可以说国家只是在履行职责。但接下来发生的事情与犯罪分子毫无关系。
You see, Germany isn't only selling seized Bitcoin, far from it. And this time, the government is also looking at everyday people who simply chose to hold crypto. So, today, we're looking at how much Bitcoin Germany is about to [music] sell, why the German government has already spent money from a tax that doesn't legally exist yet, [music] and who stands to benefit from a government pushing its powers too far. My name is DC, and this is The Coin Bureau.
你看,德国不仅在出售没收的比特币,远不止于此。而且这一次,政府还将目光投向了那些仅仅选择持有加密货币的普通人。所以,今天我们要看看德国即将出售多少比特币,为什么德国政府已经花掉了来自一项在法律上尚不存在的税收的资金,以及谁将从一个过度扩张权力的政府中受益。我是DC,这是The Coin Bureau。
Now, let's start in a courtroom in Leipzig, because Germany dumping 2.6 billion euros back in 2024 was not the end of that story. The coins came from the operators of an illegal streaming network called movie2k. And the case against them opened at the Leipzig Regional Court on the 24th of February 2026. The lead defendant faced up to 13 years. Then, the court floated a deal in April. A full confession, a suspended sentence of around a year and a half, and in exchange, the defendant hands over access to another huge stash of Bitcoin still in wallets under his control.
现在,让我们从莱比锡的一个法庭开始,因为德国在2024年抛售价值26亿欧元的比特币并不是这个故事的结局。这些硬币来自一个名为movie2k的非法流媒体网络的运营商。针对他们的案件于2026年2月24日在莱比锡地区法院开庭审理。主犯面临最高13年的刑期。随后,法院在四月提出了一项协议:完全认罪、判处约一年半的缓刑,作为交换,被告交出仍在他控制下的钱包中的另一大批比特币的访问权限。
How much exactly? Well, roughly 57,000 coins. That's even more than the state sold in 2024. Between the euros Saxony already banked and the coins it's set to receive, you're looking at a combined pot reported at up to 6.2 billion euros. Now, because we already know what Germany does when it's holding Bitcoin, or rather, what it does the second it gets hands on some Bitcoin, it sold 49,858 of them in 21 days without pausing to ask anyone whether that was a good idea.
具体有多少?嗯,大约57,000枚。这甚至比国家在2024年出售的数量还要多。结合萨克森州已经入账的欧元和它即将收到的硬币,据报道,这笔总额高达62亿欧元。现在,因为我们已经知道德国在持有比特币时会做什么,或者更准确地说,它在拿到比特币后会立刻做什么,它在21天内卖出了49,858枚,没有停下来问任何人这是否是个好主意。
So, the state's Bitcoin policy isn't a mystery, and there's no room for debate. It just sells. And everything from here is that same reflex, only it's directed at citizens instead of criminals. Okay, so what exactly are German citizens facing? Well, right now, technically speaking, Germany has arguably the best deal in Europe for anyone who actually holds their own coins. Under Section 23 of the German Income Tax Code, if you buy crypto and hold it for more than 12 months, you can sell it and pay nothing.
因此,国家的比特币政策并不神秘,也没有辩论的余地。它只是出售。而从这里开始的一切都是同样的本能反应,只不过这次是针对公民而不是罪犯。好的,那么德国公民究竟面临什么?嗯,目前,从技术上讲,德国为任何真正持有自己硬币的人提供了欧洲最好的交易条件。根据德国所得税法第23条的规定,如果你购买加密货币并持有超过12个月,你可以出售它而不需要缴纳任何税款。
No capital gains tax at all. Now, that's a deliberate rule confirmed by Germany's Federal Finance Court in ruling back in February 2023, which classifies crypto as an ordinary private asset in the same family as gold and foreign currency. Hold it a year, and it's yours. However, on the 3rd of July this year, Finance Minister Lars Klingbeil published his draft federal budget, and the cabinet signed it off 3 days later.
完全免征资本利得税。这是德国联邦财政法院在2023年2月的一项裁决中确认的明确规则,该裁决将加密货币归类为与黄金和外汇同类的普通私人资产。持有满一年,即归你所有。然而,在今年7月3日,财政部长拉尔斯·克林拜尔(Lars Klingbeil)公布了其联邦预算草案,内阁于三天后批准了该草案。
Inside that draft is a proposal to strip the 12-month rule out entirely and tax crypto gains like ordinary investment income, no matter how long you've held. Klingbeil said, when asked what this would raise, that it would result in additional revenue in the billions. And that's the key detail here, because remember what a government budget is. It's a document where money is allocated against income the government expects to receive.
在该草案中,提出了一项提议,旨在彻底取消12个月规则,并将加密货币收益像普通投资收入一样征税,无论持有时间长短。当被问及这将带来多少收入时,克林拜尔表示,这将产生数十亿的额外收入。这正是这里的关键细节,因为请记住政府预算是什么。这是一份根据政府预期收入来分配资金的文档。
So, the revenue from taxing German Bitcoin holders is already sitting on the ledger, penciled against spending. Now, as I make this video, no statutory text amending that section of the tax code has been introduced, let alone passed. The 12-month rule is still law today as things stand. So, there's no start date, and there's no answer at all on the single question every German holder is asking, which is whether coins you already own would be protected.
因此,对德国比特币持有者征税的收入已经记入账簿,并作为支出预留。现在,在我制作这段视频时,尚未引入修改税法该部分的法定文本,更不用说通过了。就目前情况而言,12个月规则今天仍然是法律。因此,没有开始日期,对于每个德国持有者都在问的唯一问题——即你已经拥有的硬币是否受到保护——也完全没有答案。
That protection has a name in German law, and lawyers have been referring to a 1999 constitutional case about property holding periods as the president that ought to apply here. But nobody in government has committed to it, which is a very strange way to run a tax change, if you think about it. So, basically, the German government has booked the income before writing the law that creates it. Dr. Ingo Holl, a German tax specialist, said that if you pull crypto out of the private asset rules, you then have to explain why gold and foreign currency gets to keep their 1-year rule, which might be a little tough.
这种保护在德国法律中有一个名称,律师们一直引用1999年关于财产持有期的宪法案例作为总统令,认为它应当在此适用。但政府中没有人承诺这一点,如果你仔细想想,这是一种非常奇怪的税收变更方式。所以,基本上,德国政府在制定创建该收入的法律之前,就已经记录了这笔收入。德国税务专家Ingo Holl博士表示,如果你将加密货币从私人资产规则中剔除,你就必须解释为什么黄金和外汇可以保留其1年规则,这可能会有点棘手。
Germany's Bitcoin industry association has been calling the 12-month rule, and I quote, "Not a tax loophole, but a deliberate incentive to hold long-term." Which, by the way, I totally 100% agree with. But regardless of what anyone might say, the decision has effectively been made. The paperwork is just taking some time being processed and finalized. Okay, so keeping up with a story like this, where the law hasn't changed, but the money has already moved, it's tricky.
德国的比特币行业协会一直在呼吁,我引用他们的说法,“12个月规则不是税收漏洞,而是鼓励长期持有的明确激励措施。”对此,我完全百分之百同意。但无论如何,决定实际上已经做出。文件处理只是需要一些时间来处理和最终确定。好的,所以跟进这样一个故事,其中法律尚未改变,但资金已经移动,这很棘手。
And that's before you work out what any of that means for your own portfolio. So, we've made things a lot easier for you, because right here on YouTube, you can join the Coin Bureau Club Light Plan. You'll get daily updates across crypto and traditional markets, and our team's read on what's actually worth your attention. And if you sign up now, your first month is absolutely free. Just tap the join button below this video to get started.
而且这还没算这些对你自己的投资组合意味着什么。所以,我们为你简化了流程,因为就在 YouTube 上,你可以加入 Coin Bureau Club Light Plan(币局俱乐部轻量计划)。你将获得加密货币和传统市场的每日更新,以及我们团队对真正值得你关注之事的解读。如果现在注册,你的第一个月完全免费。只需点击本视频下方的加入按钮即可开始。
Okay, back to Germany, because while the tax bill doesn't exist yet, something else already does. On the 1st of January this year, Germany's crypto tax transparency act came into force. That's the German implementation of the EU's DAC8 directive and the OECD's crypto asset reporting framework, or CARF, which is the global standard for exchanges handing customer data to tax authorities. So, in the simple terms, here's what it does.
好的,回到德国。虽然税法尚未出台,但其他东西已经存在。今年1月1日,德国的加密资产税务透明度法案生效。这是欧盟 DAC8 指令和经合组织加密资产报告框架(CARF)的德国实施版本,后者是交易所向税务机关提供客户数据的全球标准。那么,简单来说,它的作用如下。
Every crypto exchange serving a German resident, domestic or foreign, now has to collect your tax identification number, track your transactions and balances, and report all of it directly to the Federal Central Tax Office in Bonn. Not the exchange's home regulator, but the German taxman. And that's live right now, running on every single account. The data is being collected continuously through this calendar year, and the first formal handover to the tax office falls due by the 31st of July 2027.
任何服务于德国居民(无论国内还是国外)的加密资产交易所,现在都必须收集你的税务识别号,追踪你的交易和余额,并将所有信息直接报告给波恩的联邦中央税务局(Federal Central Tax Office)。不是交易所所在国的监管机构,而是德国的税务机关。这一规定现已生效,适用于每一个账户。数据将在整个日历年度内持续收集,首次正式移交税务机关的截止日期为2027年7月31日。
Now, do you notice how they built a reporting pipe first and then they started pricing the tax? The reporting obligation applies regardless of whether the 12-month exemption survives or gets abolished, which is another way of saying the system didn't actually require the policy to work. Nobody spends 2 years wiring every exchange in Europe into a German tax database without a fairly clear idea of what they intend to do with the output.
现在,你有没有注意到他们先建立了报告管道,然后才开始定价税收?无论12个月的免税期是否保留或被废除,报告义务都适用,这另一种说法是,该系统实际上并不依赖该政策才能运作。没有人会在没有相当明确打算如何处理输出结果的情况下,花两年时间将欧洲每家交易所接入德国税务数据库。
But then, if Berlin is making it harder and more expensive for you to buy and hold Bitcoin on your own, the obvious question is who's supposed to sell it to you instead? Well, in late December 2025, DZ Bank, the central institution for Germany's cooperative banking network, got full authorization from the regulator. By the 12th of January this year, it had launched a crypto trading product called "Mein Crypto", built into the banking app that Volksbank and Raiffeisenbank customers already have on their phones.
但是,如果柏林让个人自行购买和持有比特币变得更加困难且成本更高,那么显而易见的问题是:谁应该转而卖给你呢?好吧,在2025年12月下旬,作为德国合作银行网络核心机构的 DZ Bank 获得了监管机构的全面授权。到今年1月12日,它推出了一款名为“Mein Crypto”(我的加密资产)的交易产品,该产品已内置于 Volksbank(德意志合作银行)和 Raiffeisenbank(莱夫艾森银行)客户手机中已有的银行应用程序里。
Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, and Cardano right there next to your current account. It's not one big switch, mind you. Each of roughly 650 local cooperative banks has to file its own notification with the regulator before turning it on. But a survey of those banks last September found over 71% intended to offer it. Then there are the Sparkassen, Germany's savings bank network, working through their central asset management arm.
比特币、以太坊、莱特币和卡尔达诺就紧挨着你的当前账户。请注意,这并不是一个统一的大开关。大约650家地方合作银行在启用该服务前,必须各自向监管机构提交通知。但去年9月对这些银行的调查显示,超过71%的银行打算提供此项服务。此外还有Sparkassen(德国储蓄银行网络),它们正通过其中央资产管理部门推进此事。
Their rollout is phased across this year, restricted at launch to Bitcoin and Ethereum, and wrapped in total loss warnings. Conservative, but reaching roughly 50 million retail customers. Combine those two networks together and you're looking at something like 80 million customers relationships in a country of 84 million peo
它们的推出是分阶段进行的,今年内逐步展开,启动时仅限于比特币和以太坊,并附带全面损失警告。这种做法虽然保守,但能触达约5000万零售客户。将这两个网络结合起来,在一个拥有8400万人口的国家里,你面对的客户关系规模可能达到8000万左右。
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