美对伊朗启动新制裁，威胁惩罚贸易伙伴
A look at the new U.S. sanctions on Iran and threats against its trading partners
美国对伊朗启动新一轮制裁并威胁惩罚贸易伙伴，直接影响原油供应与地缘风险，建议关注制裁执行细节及对油价、航运和涉伊业务企业的潜在影响。
D WHAT THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION CALLS ECONOMIC D-DAY AGAINST IRAN. "OPERATION ECONOMIC OUTCAST," AS IT IS CALLED, THREATENS TOUGHER SANCTIONS ON COUNTRIES THAT CONTINUE TO TRADE WITH TEHRAN. IT IS A NEW CAMPAIGN OF MAXIMUM ECONOMIC PRESSURE AS THE ADMINISTRATION TRIES TO AVOID RETURNING TO WAR WHILE STRUGGLING TO BREAK IRAN'S STRANGLEHOLD OVER THE STRAIT OF HORMUZ. HERE'S NICK SCHIFRIN. NICK: IN THE STRAIT OF HORMUZ, WITH VESSELS MOSTLY AT A STANDSTILL AND DIPLOMACY IN A STANDOFF, TODAY THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION RETURNED TO ECONOMIC PRESSURE.
特朗普政府所称的对伊朗经济决战日。这项名为“经济孤立行动”的计划，威胁要对继续与德黑兰进行贸易的国家实施更严厉的制裁。这是一场新的极限经济施压运动，政府试图避免重返战争，同时努力打破伊朗对霍尔木兹海峡的控制。以下是尼克·希弗林的报道。尼克：在霍尔木兹海峡，船只大多停滞不前，外交陷入僵局，今天特朗普政府重新转向经济施压。
AN ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT OF ANY KIND WITH THIS MURDEROUS REGIME WILL EXPOSE THOSE RESPONSIBLE TO THE FULL REACH OF AMERICAN POWER. NICK: THOSE ENGAGEMENTS INCLUDE DIRECT FLIGHTS AND FINANCIAL TIES. BUT MOSTLY, IRAN'S REVENUE IS FROM OIL, AND 90% OF IRAN'S CRUDE EXPORTS ARE BOUGHT BY CHINA. PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS EMPHASIZED U.S.-CHINA STRATEGIC STABILITY. TODAY, BESSENT NEITHER RULED IN, NOR RULED OUT NEW CHINESE
与这个残暴政权进行任何形式的经济接触，都将使相关责任人面临美国力量的全面打击。尼克：这些接触包括直飞航班和金融联系。但最主要的是，伊朗的收入来自石油，而伊朗90%的原油出口由中国购买。特朗普总统强调了美中战略稳定。今天，贝森特既未排除也未确认针对中国的新措施。
NO ONE IS ABOVE THE REACH OF U.S. SANCTIONS. NICK: TODAY, IRAN'S CURRENTLY -- CURRENCY DROPPED TO A RECORD LOW, AND IRANIANS ARE STRUGGLING FROM MASSIVE INFLATION. BUT IRANIAN LEADERS TODAY THREATENED TO BLOCK ALL U.S. GULF ALLIES OIL EXPORTS AND VOWED MILITARY REVENGE.
没有人能凌驾于美国制裁的范围之外。尼克：今天，伊朗货币跌至历史新低，伊朗民众正遭受大规模通货膨胀的困扰。但伊朗领导人今天威胁要封锁所有美国海湾盟友的石油出口，并誓言进行军事报复。
WE WILL RETALIATE IN A SEISMIC MANNER. NICK: THERE ARE SOME EFFORTS TO RESTART DIPLOMACY TODAY. TODAY, PAKISTAN'S POWERFUL ARMY CHIEF VISITED TEHRAN. HE'S PLAYED A KEY MEDIATOR ROLE, AS HAS OMAN WHOSE FOREIGN MINISTER WILL VISIT IRAN TOMORROW. FOR PERSPECTIVE ON ALL OF THIS, WE TURN TO MIAD MALEKI. HE WAS BORN AND RAISED IN IRAN, AND UNTIL LAST YEAR, HE WAS ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR FOR SANCTION TARGETING IN THE U.S. TREASURY DEPARTMENT.
我们将以地震般的方式进行报复。尼克：今天有一些重启外交的努力。今天，巴基斯坦强大的陆军参谋长访问了德黑兰。他扮演了关键的调解人角色，阿曼也是如此，其外交部长将于明天访问伊朗。为了全面了解这些情况，我们请到了米亚德·马莱基。他在伊朗出生并长大，直到去年，他还是美国财政部制裁目标指定部门的副主任。
HE'S NOW A SENIOR FELLOW AT THE FOUNDATION FOR THE DEFENSE OF DEMOCRACIES. WELCOME BACK. THE U.S. HAS HAD SANCTIONS ON IRAN FOR YEARS. WHY MIGHT TODAY, WHY MIGHT THIS DIFFERENT VERSION, NEW VERSION OF MAXIMUM PRESSURE PRODUCE ANY DIFFERENT RESULTS? MIAD: IT IS ACCURATE TO SAY THAT IRAN'S ECONOMY OR IRAN HAS BEEN SUBJECT TO THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE SANCTIONS IN THE HISTORY OF SANCTIONS. SINCE PRESIDENT OBAMA WHEN YOU HAVE THE SECONDARY SANCTIONS PUT IN PLACE ALL THE WAY UNTIL TODAY, LAYERS AND LAYERS OF SANCTIONS, ALL SECTORS OF IRAN'S ECONOMY ARE SUBJECT TO SANCTIONS.
他现在是捍卫民主基金会的高级研究员。欢迎回来。美国对伊朗实施制裁已有多年。为什么今天，为什么这个不同版本、新版本的极限施压可能会产生不同的结果？米亚德：可以说，伊朗的经济或伊朗一直受到制裁史上最全面的制裁。从奥巴马总统时期开始实施次级制裁，一直到现在，层层叠叠的制裁，伊朗经济的各个部门都受到制裁。
WHAT'S DIFFERENT TODAY, WHAT I SENSE FROM SECRETARY BESSENT IS FOCUSING ON THE ENGAGEMENT ASPECTS OF ENFORCEMENT OF SANCTIONS. MEANING ENGAGEMENTS WITH PARTISAN ALLIES AND OTHERS ON HOW WE CAN BRING THESE NATIONS, EXISTING SANCTIONS MORE FORCEFULLY AND THAT INCLUDES NOT JUST U.S. ECONOMIC SANCTIONS, BUT YOU ALSO HAVE THE EUROPEAN UNION SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN. YOU HAVE THE U.K. SANCTIONS AND MANY COUNTRIES THAT HAVE THEIR OWN BILATERAL OR UNILATERAL SANCTIONS.
今天有何不同，我从贝森特部长那里感受到的是，他正聚焦于制裁执行的接触层面。这意味着与党派盟友及其他方面接触，探讨如何更有效地对现有制裁对象施压，这不仅包括美国的经济制裁，还有欧盟对伊朗的制裁，以及英国和其他许多国家各自实施的双边或单边制裁。
NICK: WHAT YOU ARE SAYING IS BASICALLY THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WHAT WAS ANNOUNCED TODAY, DEPENDENT ON DIPLOMACY, DEPENDENT ON THE PRESIDENT DIPLOMATICALLY ENGAGING WITH SOME OF THESE COUNTRIES THAT STILL DO BUSINESS WITH IRAN, WHETHER IT IS CHINA OR THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES. MIAD: SOMETIM
尼克：你所说的基本上是今天宣布内容的有效性，取决于外交，取决于总统与一些仍与伊朗有业务往来的国家（无论是中国还是阿联酋）进行外交接触。米亚德：有时
更进一步：量化金融体系
看懂新闻只是起点——沿量化金融路径，把它变成能交付的工程能力