PostHog 营销负责人解答开发者营销常见问题
The most common questions about developer marketing, answered
面向做开发者工具或 ToB 产品的增长负责人,这篇给出了可落地的发布节奏、onboarding 教育、预发布营销和反垃圾信息的具体做法,可直接借鉴。
One of the baffling things about leading the marketing team at PostHog is how often I get asked for advice. People seem to look at PostHog and say "Wow, they have billboards across San Francisco, they must really know what they're doing" — but that's not how it feels on the inside.
在PostHog领导营销团队时,最让我困惑的事情之一就是经常有人向我寻求建议。人们似乎看着PostHog会说:“哇,他们在旧金山有广告牌,他们肯定很懂行”——但内部的感觉并非如此。
There is no grand unified theory of marketing, here or anywhere else. Anyone who pretends otherwise is lying to you. Best I can figure, the only thing that makes marketing at PostHog different is that we're more transparent about this than most. And I've never even been to San Francisco!
这里或其他任何地方都没有一套宏大的统一营销理论。任何假装有的人都对你说谎。我能想到的最好的解释是,PostHog营销的不同之处在于我们比大多数人更坦诚这一点。而且我甚至从未去过旧金山!
Regardless, I keep getting asked to hop on quick calls with founders and developers to talk about marketing. I'm always happy to chat, but I thought it would be helpful to write down the answers my thoughts on the most common questions I get. All of it comes with the caveat that these are just my thoughts and that marketing at PostHog is a team effort.
尽管如此,我还是不断被要求与创始人和开发者进行快速通话,讨论营销问题。我总是乐于聊天,但我想把答案写下来会更有帮助,记录我对最常见问题的想法。所有这些都附带一个警告:这些只是我的想法,而且PostHog的营销是团队合作的结果。
"I built something and told people about it. What should I do now?"
“我构建了一些东西并告诉了人们。接下来我该怎么办?”
Tell them again, probably.
可能再告诉他们一次。
Developers often treat a launch as a single event: you post it on Hacker News or Product Hunt, write a big X announcement, and then get back to building. But one launch is never enough. A launch is the start of the work, not the end of it.
开发者通常把发布视为一次性事件:你在Hacker News或Product Hunt上发布,写一篇大型X公告,然后回去继续开发。但一次发布永远不够。发布是工作的开始,而不是结束。
When we were repositioning PostHog, we had the idea that every marketing message should land in three places, in three different ways. So launching our Slack agent, for example, didn't just go in the changelog one time — it also got a video and an automation that recommends it to users on our startup program. Like every launch we do, it got a GitHub issue which extended past the initial launch moment to include pre- and post-launch tactics.
当我们重新定位PostHog时,我们有一个想法,即每条营销信息都应该以三种不同的方式出现在三个地方。例如,发布我们的Slack代理,不仅仅是一次性出现在变更日志中——它还有一段视频和一个自动化功能,向我们的创业计划用户推荐它。像我们做的每次发布一样,它有一个GitHub问题,延伸到初始发布时刻之外,包括发布前和发布后的策略。
Marketing at PostHog is like creating a piece of art: it never gets finished, just abandoned.
PostHog的营销就像创作一件艺术品:它永远不会完成,只会被放弃。
"What channels should I use?" / "What channels work?"
“我应该使用哪些渠道?”/“哪些渠道有效?”
The short answer is an unhelpful "It depends".
简短的回答是毫无帮助的“视情况而定”。
The long and still unhelpful answer is "It depends what you're good at."
长一点但仍然毫无帮助的回答是“取决于你擅长什么”。
Non-marketers expect channel advice to be tiered somehow: start with small stuff like social posts, then graduate to medium stuff like events, then big stuff like billboards, then prestige stuff like TV. In reality you can use any channel whenever you want, they all take a lot of work to do well, and you should move between them based on what you can do best and what you can do authentically.
非营销人员期望渠道建议以某种方式分层:从小事开始,比如社交媒体帖子,然后升级到中等规模的事情,比如活动,然后是大规模的事情,比如广告牌,然后是声望级别的事情,比如电视。实际上,你可以随时使用任何渠道,它们都需要大量工作才能做好,你应该根据自己最擅长和最能真实做到的事情在它们之间切换。
"What you can do best" just means leaning into your strengths. At PostHog, we didn't decide to build a newsletter because we thought it was the only channel that mattered, we were just writers who knew how to do that well. A big reason we lean so hard on writing is that James simply wrote a lot early on, it worked, and we went from there — other startups aren't so lucky. If we were a group of former TV executives, we'd have done something different.
"你最擅长什么"只是意味着发挥你的长处。在PostHog,我们决定做新闻通讯并不是因为我们觉得这是唯一重要的渠道,我们只是擅长写作的人。我们如此依赖写作的一个大原因是James早期写了很多,效果不错,我们就从那里开始了——其他初创公司就没这么幸运了。如果我们是一群前电视高管,我们会做不同的事情。
"What you can do authentically" is harder to define, but is something you should know intuitively. If a channel doesn't feel like an authentic extension of your brand or your internal culture, listen to that. At PostHog we don't avoid webinars and gated whitepapers because those channels are ineffective — it's just that we think they're kind of lame and don't feel very PostHoggy.
"你能真实地做什么"更难定义,但你应该凭直觉知道。如果一个渠道感觉不像你品牌或内部文化的真实延伸,那就听从这种感觉。在PostHog,我们不避开网络研讨会和门控白皮书,不是因为那些渠道无效——只是我们认为它们有点逊,不太有PostHog的风格。
"New users don't know about old features. What should I do?"
"新用户不知道旧功能。我该怎么办?"
Oh my gosh, same. It's a real challenge for us too. PostHog does so much and we spend all our time talking about it, but somehow there are still people who think we're a self-hosted product analytics tool.
天哪,我们也是。这对我们来说也是一个真正的挑战。PostHog做了很多事,我们花所有时间谈论它,但不知怎么的,还是有人认为我们是一个自托管的产品分析工具。
Two things I find helpful to bear in mind:
我觉得有两件事值得记住:
- It is often more effective to upgrade an existing user than acquire a new one, and
- Small gains compound, so don't overlook them.
- 升级现有用户往往比获取新用户更有效,而且
- 小收益会复利,所以不要忽视它们。
Usually this means investing in your onboarding flows as a way to educate users about existing features as well as new ones. I've written elsewhere about what PostHog's email onboarding looks like and we're increasingly taking those lessons into other channels too, such as in-app messaging or the Wizard. It helps that onboarding at PostHog is unusually long — the flow sends a lot of emails over a long period of time, which gives us plenty of chances to introduce features a user hasn't touched yet.
通常这意味着投资于你的引导流程,以教育用户了解现有功能和新功能。我在其他地方写过PostHog的邮件引导是什么样的,我们也在越来越多地把这些经验应用到其他渠道,比如应用内消息或向导。PostHog的引导流程异常长——这个流程在很长一段时间内发送很多邮件,这给了我们很多机会来介绍用户还没接触过的功能。
Existing users who are long past onboarding need different surfaces, though. For them we send a monthly announcement email rounding up everything we've shipped, and we cross-sell other products in-app when someone's usage suggests they'd benefit from one they aren't using yet.
然而,早已过了引导期的现有用户需要不同的界面。对他们,我们每月发送一封公告邮件,汇总我们发布的所有内容,并且当某人的使用情况表明他们可能受益于某个尚未使用的产品时,我们会在应用内交叉销售其他产品。
"How can I communicate small improvements without creating spam?"
"我怎样才能在不制造垃圾邮件的情况下传达小的改进?"
Spam is a content or a targeting problem, not a volume problem. If your content is good enough and users can be targeted well enough, you could message them every day and be fine. With this in mind: talk to your users and ask them what content they would find valuable from what channels, when.
垃圾邮件是内容或定位问题,不是数量问题。如果你的内容足够好,用户能被足够精准地定位,你可以每天给他们发消息也没问题。记住这一点:和你的用户交流,问他们从哪些渠道、在什么时候会看重什么内容。
They're unlikely to tell you good solutions, but they're very likely to tell you what the problems are.
他们不太可能告诉你好的解决方案,但很可能告诉你问题所在。
Not every improvement needs its own announcement, though. We batch small changes into the changelog, and save dedicated emails for things that change how someone actually works. Always question if an email actually needs to be sent before you send it.
不过,并非每项改进都需要单独公告。我们将小改动合并到更新日志中,而将专门的邮件保留给那些真正改变工作方式的事项。发送邮件前,始终要质疑是否真的需要发送。
"People are lazy. If people just searched/prompted, they would find my thing"
"人们都很懒。如果人们只是搜索/提示,他们就会找到我的东西"
This might not be a marketing problem. Are you sure you're solving a problem that people actually need solved?
这可能不是营销问题。你确定你在解决人们真正需要解决的问题吗?
"How do you approach showing up in LLMs (AEO)?"
"你如何处理在LLM中的展示(AEO)?"
I do whatever Nat tells me to do.
Nat让我做什么我就做什么。
"How do I market products that haven't launched yet?"
"我如何营销尚未发布的产品?"
We call that pre-marketing. It's something I've specifically focused on this quarter, as you can see from my current goals. The basic system is:
我们称之为预营销。这是我本季度特别关注的事情,正如你从我当前的目标中看到的那样。基本系统是:
- A public roadmap so people can see what we're building, or thinking of building.
- A way for them to sign up to a waitlist and self-serve into available betas.
- Automations informing users on a waitlist when something moves to alpha or beta.
- Automations asking users for periodic feedback on alphas or betas.
- Automations relaying this feedback to the relevant team internally.
- A way for users to pitch new ideas into the roadmap, which get surfaced internally.
- 公开路线图,让人们可以看到我们在构建什么,或考虑构建什么。
- 一种让他们注册等待列表并自助进入可用测试版的方式。
- 自动化通知等待列表中的用户,当某些内容进入alpha或beta阶段时。
- 自动化定期向用户询问关于alpha或beta版本的反馈。
- 自动化将这些反馈内部传递给相关团队。
- 一种让用户向路线图提出新想法的方式,这些想法会在内部被展示。
Beyond this we also use some regular marketing surfaces, such as the monthly changelog email and onboarding emails, to highlight particular betas we're excited about.
除此之外,我们还使用一些常规的营销渠道,如月度更新日志邮件和入职邮件,来突出我们特别期待的某些测试版。
We don't run paid marketing for betas. I've been game for trying it, but our biggest betas often change shape dramatically as we work on them so the messaging becomes very challenging.
我们不为测试版投放付费营销。我一直想尝试,但我们最大的测试版在开发过程中经常发生巨大变化,因此信息传递变得非常具有挑战性。
"What data do you track to know you're successful?"
"你跟踪哪些数据来了解你是否成功?"
DeskHog was a vibes-led idea, not a data-led one
DeskHog是一个基于感觉而非数据的想法
This sometimes surprises people, but the marketing team at PostHog is not often very data-led. I think this stems from my early career as a journalist, where I was mentored to chase good stories over better metrics. There are definitely other team leads (like Andy and Ian) who are more attuned to the data than I am — but, again, there is no single unified theory here.
这有时会让人惊讶,但PostHog的营销团队并不经常以数据为导向。我认为这源于我早期作为记者的职业生涯,当时我被指导去追求好故事而不是更好的指标。当然,还有其他团队负责人(如Andy和Ian)比我更关注数据——但同样,这里没有统一的理论。
This isn't to say we are data-blind, however. Marketing is responsible for new user sign-ups and we track that figure and a few others closely. But where we can, we prefer to judge the success of things by other factors, like "Did users say they enjoyed this?" and "Do we want to do this again?"
然而,这并不意味着我们对数据视而不见。营销负责新用户注册,我们密切关注这一数字及其他几个指标。但在可能的情况下,我们更倾向于通过其他因素来判断事情的成功,比如"用户是否表示喜欢?"和"我们是否想再次这样做?"
At a previous startup I worked at we discussed this a lot. Leadership wanted a metric to track the ROI of product marketers and required us to log how we spent time in 15 minute intervals. As a result, perverse incentives emerged and people started spending more time in meetings where work was collaboratively performed, but little was done.
在我之前工作过的一家初创公司,我们经常讨论这个问题。领导层想要一个指标来追踪产品营销人员的投资回报率,并要求我们以15分钟为间隔记录时间花费。结果,出现了不正当的激励,人们开始花更多时间在协作完成工作的会议上,但实际完成的工作却很少。
At PostHog, we take the opposite approach and treat data, like AI, as a tool to use when appropriate, not as the go-to solution for every problem.
在PostHog,我们采取相反的方法,将数据(如同AI一样)视为在适当时使用的工具,而不是解决所有问题的首选方案。
"How can we build a community around our product?"
"我们如何围绕我们的产品建立一个社区?"
更进一步:量化金融体系
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