米德湖水位创历史新低，美国西部水危机加剧
Lake Mead nears historic low as water crisis worsens
And out west, a critical water lifeline for millions of people across seven states, is hitting a dangerous new low. Lake me, the largest reservoir in the US, has fallen nearly 4 feet this year, dropping to just over a,000 ft. That is the lowest level ever recorded. You can see it here. Satellite images showing Lake Me just 3 years ago compared to now. Look at that. The reservoir sits on the Arizona Nevada border created by the Hoover Dam along the Colorado River.
在西部，一条为七个州数百万人口提供关键水源的生命线正降至危险的新低。美国最大的水库米德湖今年已下降近4英尺，降至略高于1000英尺。这是有记录以来的最低水位。你可以在这里看到。卫星图像显示米德湖三年前与现在的对比。看看那个。该水库位于亚利桑那州和内华达州交界处，由胡佛大坝沿科罗拉多河拦水而成。
It's now just about a quarter full after years of drought, rising temperatures, shrinking snowpack, and heavy water use. And with Lake me still falling, the pressure is only growing to force deeper cuts to water use across the region. I want to bring in Singen Ely. He's the senior director of communications for American Rivers. Uh Singen, I've known you for quite a while. We've spoken many times about this. What exactly, for people that don't know, what exactly is driving this drop?
经过多年的干旱、气温上升、积雪减少和大量用水，现在水库仅约四分之一满。随着米德湖水位持续下降，迫使该地区更大幅度削减用水的压力越来越大。我想请到辛金·伊利。他是美国河流组织的高级通讯总监。辛金，我认识你很久了。我们多次谈论过这个话题。对于不了解情况的人，究竟是什么导致了这次水位下降？
Well, Steve, we're in the grip of a relentless 25-year drought across the Southwest. Last winter, we had one of the lowest snow packs in recorded history on top of this series of very dry years. According to the USGS, more than 90% of the total water in the Colorado River comes from the snowpack in Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming. And the reservoirs in those states are low, too. Um the water is just not there. The seven states that rely on Lake me, the Colorado River, have been fighting over the water aotments for years.
嗯，史蒂夫，我们正遭受西南地区持续25年的干旱。去年冬天，我们经历了有记录以来最低的积雪量之一，加上一系列非常干旱的年份。根据美国地质调查局的数据，科罗拉多河总水量的90%以上来自科罗拉多州、犹他州和怀俄明州的积雪。这些州的蓄水量也很低。嗯，水就是不够。依赖米德湖和科罗拉多河的七个州多年来一直在争夺水资源配额。
Last month, the US Bureau of Reclamation stepped in to ration the water supply. Right. I mean, tell us where negotiations are right now with those states. And what could the feds decide in this case?
上个月，美国垦务局介入实行定量供水。对。我的意思是，告诉我们目前与这些州的谈判进展如何？在这种情况下，联邦政府可能做出什么决定？
Well, the seven states have been negotiating a solution for years and have not been able to come to a consensus. So last week the government released an analysis of the many different ways the Colorado River could be managed in the future. Um these rules will decide how much water flows from the mountains through the reservoirs and through Grand Canyon um to cities and farms below Lake Lake me. Um so this is just the first step in the process.
嗯，七个州多年来一直在谈判解决方案，但未能达成共识。所以上周政府发布了一份分析报告，探讨了科罗拉多河未来可能的管理方式。嗯，这些规则将决定有多少水从山上流经水库，再流经大峡谷，到达米德湖下游的城市和农场。嗯，所以这只是过程的第一步。
There's uh a a path to manage the river that is forthcoming and there's many new steps to come. Singinjen, why does it seem like the lower basin states, especially when you're talking about Arizona, uh, are taking such a disproportionate hit? And how are people in a state like that, especially Arizona, how are they reacting to the news?
嗯，有一条管理河流的路径即将出台，还有很多新的步骤要到来。辛金，为什么看起来下游各州，尤其是亚利桑那州，受到的打击如此不成比例？像这样的州，特别是亚利桑那州，人们对此消息有何反应？
Well, the federal government actually has more authority to manage how much water the lower states get, California, Arizona, and Nevada. And so and and those uh those amounts are also dictated by seniority which the states agreed to long ago. Arizona has the most junior water rights of those states and so they could take a proportionally larger cut because of that. Um and they're very concerned. I mean the the state of Arizona but especially the fe the cities of Phoenix and Tucson are quite reliant on Colorado River wa
嗯，联邦政府实际上有更大的权力来管理下游各州，即加利福尼亚、亚利桑那和内华达，能获得多少水。而且这些水量也由各州很久以前同意的优先权决定。亚利桑那在这些州中拥有最次级的水权，因此他们可能会因此被削减更大比例的水量。嗯，他们非常担忧。我的意思是，亚利桑那州，尤其是凤凰城和图森市，相当依赖科罗拉多河的水。
更进一步：量化金融体系
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