孩子们眼中的AI:从漠然到担忧,再到用它造东西
How kids feel about AI, in their own words
When we set out to talk to kids about artificial intelligence, we thought we knew what we’d hear. We expected some to tell us they were using it to cheat a little, the way Millennials and Gen Xers opened up CliffsNotes or programmed formulas into their TI-82s, and others to share inspiring ways they were using it. We were also listening for concerns that were less kid-specific, like deepfakes or job destruction. But what we actually heard when we asked kids aged 10 to 18 about AI had tons of nuance.
当我们开始与孩子们谈论人工智能时,我们以为我们知道会听到什么。我们预料到有些孩子会告诉我们他们用人工智能来作弊,就像千禧一代和X世代使用CliffsNotes或在TI-82计算器上编程公式一样,而另一些孩子则会分享他们使用人工智能的鼓舞人心的方式。我们也在倾听那些不太针对孩子的担忧,比如深度伪造或就业破坏。但当我们询问10至18岁的孩子关于人工智能的看法时,我们实际听到的内容充满了细微差别。
Many of the same kids who can go on and on about music, rock climbing, or soccer met our questions with words like “bruh” and “meh”—or were so deeply against AI or uninterested in making it part of their lives that they didn’t want to talk about it at all. One teen said his peers use it for things they know they shouldn’t, like writing papers. One told us she won’t touch AI because of the environmental impact. A few said they find the whole field disheartening: “AI isn’t the solution to our problems,” said Winter, a 17-year-old. “I’m afraid it’s going to be the end of creativity and critical thinking.” Yet most of the kids we asked admitted to using AI at least a little bit.
许多能滔滔不绝谈论音乐、攀岩或足球的孩子,对我们的问题却用“兄弟”和“嗯”这样的词回应——或者他们非常反对人工智能,或者对将人工智能融入生活毫无兴趣,以至于根本不想谈论它。一个青少年说,他的同龄人用人工智能做他们知道不该做的事情,比如写论文。另一个告诉我们,她因为环境影响而不会碰人工智能。还有几个说他们觉得整个领域令人沮丧:“人工智能不是我们问题的解决方案,”17岁的温特说,“我担心它会成为创造力和批判性思维的终结。”然而,我们询问的大多数孩子承认至少使用过一点人工智能。
AI doesn’t yet seem to be something a lot of elementary- or middle-school-age kids we spoke to are focused on—and they aren’t begging for it, the way they do for iPhones and Snapchat accounts. Many told us that some of their first AI encounters came from their parents or schools. Sometimes, they said, it’s just embedded in the devices and apps they already rely on. It’s just there, in things like a Google search.
人工智能似乎还不是我们交谈过的小学或初中年龄段孩子关注的焦点——他们也不会像要求iPhone和Snapchat账户那样要求使用人工智能。许多人告诉我们,他们第一次接触人工智能是来自父母或学校。有时,他们说,人工智能只是嵌入在他们已经依赖的设备和应用程序中。它就在那里,比如在谷歌搜索中。
What we heard tracks with the data. In a survey published in February 2026, the Pew Research Center found that 57% of teens in the US had used chatbots to search for information, 54% tapped them to help with schoolwork, and 47% had used them for fun or entertainment. Only 12% had used them for emotional support or advice. Teens are over four times more likely to be using AI in innocuous ways than potentially harmful ones. Some are even using it to build things, whether it’s a character, a tech platform, or a tutor to help other kids study.
我们听到的与数据相符。在2026年2月发布的一项调查中,皮尤研究中心发现,美国57%的青少年使用聊天机器人搜索信息,54%用它们帮助完成学业,47%用它们娱乐。只有12%用它们寻求情感支持或建议。青少年使用人工智能进行无害活动的可能性是潜在有害活动的四倍多。有些人甚至用它来构建东西,无论是角色、技术平台,还是帮助其他孩子学习的辅导工具。
None of that means the worries are misplaced. Kids can stumble into unfiltered content, lean on a chatbot instead of their own judgment, or trust an answer that’s wrong—and they should be protected from those dangers. But the danger is the reason to teach the thing, not to avoid it. We don’t teach teens to never drive. We teach them to check their blind spots.
这些担忧并非毫无道理。孩子们可能会偶然接触到未经筛选的内容,依赖聊天机器人而非自己的判断,或者相信错误的答案——他们应该受到保护,免受这些危险。但危险正是我们教授这件事的原因,而不是回避它的理由。我们不会教青少年永远不开车,而是教他们检查盲点。
What surprised us most was how much young people might be able to teach adults about AI, and how clearly the kids who use it could name what they will and won’t hand over. They’re not as worried that it will take their jobs as they are that it might impact society. And, with increasing access to tools that could in theory do their thinking, their talking, or even their friend-making for them, it sounds as if most want to keep their hands on the wheel.
最让我们惊讶的是,年轻人可能能教给成年人很多关于AI的知识,以及使用AI的孩子们能多么清楚地表达他们愿意和不愿意交出什么。他们并不那么担心AI会夺走他们的工作,而是担心它可能影响社会。而且,随着他们越来越多地接触到理论上可以替他们思考、说话甚至交朋友的工具,听起来大多数人都想自己掌控方向盘。
Interviews have been edited for length and clarity.
采访内容经过编辑,以保证长度和清晰度。
JUSTYNA STASIK
贾斯蒂娜·斯塔西克
The Coder
程序员
Remy, 16, New York
雷米,16岁,纽约
The word that comes to mind when I think about AI is “indifferent.” I just don’t find the current applications that exciting for my own use. I go to school. I teach tae kwon do. I read. I play games with friends. None of that needs AI. I mean, I use it. I mostly use Claude, the free version, for programming outside of school. I had it help me write a program to see if I could tweak my computer’s overclock. So I see the appeal.
想到AI时,我脑海中浮现的词是“冷漠”。我只是觉得目前的应用对我来说没什么令人兴奋的。我上学,教跆拳道,读书,和朋友玩游戏。这些都不需要AI。我的意思是,我确实用它。我主要使用Claude的免费版本来进行课外编程。我曾让它帮我写一个程序,看看我能否调整电脑的超频设置。所以我理解它的吸引力。
But at school, I actually think AI mostly makes my assignments worse, not better. In English, everything is now in-class writing, because teachers don’t want kids cheating. So we have only 70 minutes to write a whole essay, and I think that hinders my writing. (Did you know Princeton voted to let faculty proctor exams for the first time in over a century? Their honor code goes back to 1893, and now it’s over because of AI.)
但在学校,我实际上认为AI大多让我的作业变得更糟,而不是更好。在英语课上,现在所有写作都在课堂上进行,因为老师不想让学生作弊。所以我们只有70分钟来写一整篇文章,我认为这阻碍了我的写作。(你知道吗,普林斯顿大学一个多世纪以来首次投票允许教师监考?他们的荣誉守则始于1893年,现在因为AI而终结了。)
As far as code goes, I’d also rather build things myself. I’ve been making a reinforcement-learning model in a game engine with a friend; it moves randomly at first, gets rewarded for walking toward a coin, and after enough iterations it teaches itself the most efficient path. I’ve also tested AI for game development, and it isn’t there. It makes sloppy code, and it’s bad at blending mechanics into something cohesive. I’d spend more time correcting it than writing it myself.
至于代码,我也宁愿自己动手构建。我和一个朋友一直在游戏引擎中制作一个强化学习模型;它一开始随机移动,因为走向硬币而获得奖励,经过足够多的迭代后,它自己学会了最高效的路径。我也测试过AI用于游戏开发,但它还不行。它写的代码很草率,而且不擅长将机制融合成一个连贯的整体。我花在纠正它上的时间比我自己写还要多。
I think AI right now is sort of like the first car or the first airplane. It’s interesting but crude. It’s obviously an amazing invention but not actually good yet.
我认为现在的AI有点像第一辆汽车或第一架飞机。它很有趣但很粗糙。它显然是一项惊人的发明,但还不是真正的好。
Overall, I think AI right now is sort of like the first car or the first airplane. It’s interesting but crude. It’s obviously an amazing invention but not actually good yet. It’ll get somewhere. One thing I read about was AI flagging breast cancer more accurately, trained to catch its own false positives so a human still verifies. That’s the version I care about.
总的来说,我认为人工智能现在就像第一辆汽车或第一架飞机。它很有趣但很粗糙。显然是一项惊人的发明,但还不够好。它会有所发展的。我读到过一件事,人工智能在识别乳腺癌方面更准确,经过训练能捕捉自己的假阳性,因此仍需要人工验证。那才是我关心的版本。
The Organizer
组织者
Danielle, 18, California
丹妮尔,18岁,加利福尼亚州
I’m studying engineering, and my life goal is to innovate technology that will help as many people as I can. The way I see it, AI isn’t inherently good or bad; that’s decided by the people using it. It’s already being used for lots of good. Just think about how it helps people with personalized education and more accessible medical diagnoses.
我正在学习工程学,我的人生目标是创新技术,帮助尽可能多的人。在我看来,人工智能本身没有好坏之分;这取决于使用它的人。它已经被用于很多好事。想想它如何通过个性化教育和更便捷的医疗诊断帮助人们。
PING ZHU
朱平
So far, the biggest project I’ve worked on with AI is called Next Voters. My teammates are more on the technical side, and I’m working on scaling. Right now, we’re focusing mostly on city councils as well as states. Our system turns dense, hundred-page documents into a headline and a few plain-language bullet points in your inbox. And everything is cited, so you can click straight to the actual policy to learn more. The information comes to you, instead of you having to remember to go search or prompt for it.
到目前为止,我用人工智能做的最大项目叫做“下一代选民”。我的队友更偏向技术方面,而我负责扩展。目前,我们主要关注市议会和各州。我们的系统将数百页的密集文档转化为收件箱中的标题和几条通俗易懂的要点。所有内容都有引用,你可以直接点击查看实际政策以了解更多。信息会主动来找你,而不是你必须记得去搜索或提示。
One AI agent finds official government sources for a given city or state—the council website, the proposed bills, the meeting transcripts. Another verifies they’re real and credible; another scrapes them every week for the latest updates; another sorts them into categories like civil rights, immigration, and economics; and the last one writes our weekly newsletter.
一个AI代理查找特定城市或州的官方政府来源——议会网站、提案、会议记录。另一个验证它们的真实性和可信度;另一个每周抓取最新更新;另一个将它们分类为民权、移民和经济等类别;最后一个撰写我们的每周通讯。
The project’s goal is to reduce the barriers to democratic participation—to make sure anyone, regardless of race, gender, income, or education level, has an easy way to get the information they need and then think critically about how they want to use it. We made it because right now, it feels as if most teens aren’t very engaged. I was in English class when the war in Ukraine came up and someone said, “There’s a war going on?” That gap, plus all the emotionally charged social media misinformation that gets promoted because it earns the most clicks, makes me nervous for the next generation of voters.
该项目的目标是减少民主参与的障碍——确保任何人,无论种族、性别、收入或教育水平,都能轻松获得所需信息,然后批判性地思考如何使用这些信息。我们这样做是因为目前感觉大多数青少年参与度不高。我在英语课上提到乌克兰战争时,有人说:“有战争吗?”这种差距,加上那些因点击量最高而被推广的情绪化社交媒体错误信息,让我为下一代选民感到担忧。
We don’t want AI to think for people; we want to use it to disperse knowledge. In other words, we want to deal people the cards and let them play them however they want, but we have to make sure they have the cards in the first place.
我们不希望人工智能替人们思考;我们希望用它来传播知识。换句话说,我们想把牌发给人们,让他们随心所欲地出牌,但我们必须确保他们首先有牌。
The Cringe-o-meter
尴尬指数
We asked kids to rate a range of AI uses from totally fine to not okay.
我们请孩子们对一系列人工智能用途进行评分,从完全可以接受到不可接受。
CHRIS PIASCIK
克里斯·皮亚西克
The Naturalist
博物学家
Hazel, 17, New York
黑兹尔,17岁,纽约
When ChatGPT first came out, my dad showed it to me and it seemed fun. But as it got more prominent and seemed to be everywhere, I started to feel uneasy. Then I learned about the environmental impact.
当ChatGPT刚推出时,我爸爸给我看了,感觉很有趣。但随着它越来越突出,似乎无处不在,我开始感到不安。然后我了解了它对环境的影响。
I’m a rock climber and I hike a lot. It’s good because when I’m on a wall, I’m just focused on staying on that wall. I’m not thinking about my phone or anything else. That’s why I love it. I also love the views and being around animals—even insects. I want to be an ecologist, and the more time I spend in nature, the more I want to protect those wild spaces.
我是一名攀岩者,经常徒步旅行。这很好,因为当我挂在岩壁上时,我只专注于待在岩壁上。我不会想手机或其他任何事情。这就是我爱它的原因。我也喜欢那些风景,喜欢和动物在一起——甚至昆虫。我想成为一名生态学家,我在大自然中待的时间越多,就越想保护那些野生空间。
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